Santa Barbara Mission
| Santa Barbara Mission | |
|---|---|
| Surname | Santa Barbara Mission |
| place | Santa Barbara , California |
| Original name | La Misión de La Señora Bárbara, Virgen y Mártir |
| translation | The mission of Mrs. Barbara, virgin and martyr |
| Namesake | Barbara of Nicomedia |
| nickname | "Queen of the Missions of Upper California" |
| Founded in | December 4th , 1786 |
| Founded by | P. Fermín Lasuén OFM |
| Founding order | tenth |
| Headquarters | 1833-1846 |
| Military district | second |
| Indigenous tribe | Chumash Canaliño |
| Place name | Xana'yan |
| owner | Roman Catholic Church |
| Currently used as | Parish church |
| Coordinates | Coordinates: 34 ° 26 ′ 18 " N , 119 ° 42 ′ 50" W. |
| NHL | # NPS-66000237 |
| CHL | # 309 |
| Website | sbmission.org |
The Mission Santa Barbara is a Spanish mission station of the Franciscans in the vicinity of present-day Santa Barbara , California . It was erected on December 4th, the feast of St. Barbara in 1786, to convert the local Chumash (Canaliño) tribe to Christianity. The mission area stands on a hill between the Pacific Ocean and the Santa Ynez Mountains and was consecrated by Father Fermín Lasuén OFM, who took over the management of the Californian missions after the death of Father Junípero Serra OFM. The Santa Barbara Mission is the only mission led by Franciscans since the day it was founded.
history
The Santa Barbara Mission is the patronage of St. Barbara , an early Christian martyr . In the early years of the mission, three chapels were built, each larger than the previous one. It was only when the buildings were destroyed in the great earthquake in Santa Barbara on December 21, 1812 that construction began on today's mission. The towers suffered considerable damage in another earthquake on June 29, 1925, but were later rebuilt. The interior design of the church has remained unchanged since 1820.
Many elements of the Mission's extensive water treatment system built by the Indians (including water pipes, two reservoirs and a filter house ) have been preserved, as has a flour mill. The larger of the reservoirs, built in 1806, was incorporated into the state's water system. The original spring and the lavadero are still next to the entrance to the mission. A dam built in 1807 lies in what is now the Santa Barbara Botanical Garden at Mission Canyon. The tanning vats , the ceramic kiln and the guard house were destroyed and not rebuilt. In 1818, two Argentine ships under the command of the French privateer Hippolyte de Bouchard approached the coast and threatened the nearby city. The brothers armed 150 of the neophytes in preparation for the attack. With their help, the Presidio soldiers turned on Bouchard, who sailed out of the harbor without attack.
After the Mexican Congress passed a law secularizing the Californian missions on August 17, 1833, Father Presidente Narciso Durán moved the headquarters of the Mission to Santa Barbara, making the Santa Barbara Mission a document archive for all Californian missions. The Mission Archives is the oldest library in the State of California still in the hands of the Franciscans. Starting with the writings of Hubert Howe Bancroft , the library served as a center for the historical study of the missions for more than a century.
In 1840 Alta California and Baja California were separated from the Diocese of Sonora to form the Diocese of Both California . Bishop Francisco Garcia Diego y Moreno, OFM , elevated the Mission Chapel to the status of Procathedral of the diocese, which it remained until 1849. Under Bishop Thaddeus Amat y Brusi CM , the chapel again served as a procathedral of the diocese of Monterey in California .
The mission also has the oldest uninterrupted tradition of choral singing among the California missions. Church music is performed by two church choirs, the California Mission Schola and the Cappella Barbara . The mission archives contain one of the richest collections of colonial Franciscan music manuscripts known today, which are not publicly available (most have not yet been subjected to scientific analysis).
The original city of Santa Barbara developed between the actual mission and the port, right next to El Presidio Reál de Santa Bárbara (the "Royal Spanish Presidio"), about a mile southeast of the mission. As the city grew, it expanded across the coastal plain; a residential area surrounds the mission, although there are public parks and a few public buildings (such as the natural history museum) in the area adjacent to the site. The Santa Barbara Mission is now serving as a parish church again. On October 9, 1960, it was recognized as a National Historic Landmark . On October 15, 1966, it was listed as a monument in the National Register of Historic Places .
Illustrations
Memorial plaque of the mission station to the left of the main entrance to the church
Mission courtyard
See also
literature
- Leffingwell, Randy: California Missions and Presidios: The History & Beauty of the Spanish Missions . Voyageur Press, Stillwater MN, 2005, ISBN 0-89658-492-5 .
- Ruscin, Terry: Mission Memoirs . Sunbelt Publications, San Diego CA, 1999, ISBN 0-932653-30-8 .
- Yenne, Bill: The Missions of California . Thunder Bay Press, San Diego CA, 2004, ISBN 1-59223-319-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Leffingwell, p. 61
- ↑ Ruscin, p. 89
- ↑ Yenne, p. 98
- ↑ Ruscin, p. 196
- ^ Yenne, p. 186
- ↑ Ruscin, p. 195
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: California. National Park Service , accessed August 3, 2019.
- ↑ Entry in the National Register Information System . National Park Service , accessed May 25, 2016