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=== Early life ===
=== Early life ===
Langhorne was born in [[Tallahassee, Florida]], where his father taught at the Florida Agriculture and Mechanical College for Negroes.<ref name=premier/> From the age of four, he lived with his mother in [[Spanish Harlem]], in [[New York City]]. He learned [[violin]], but lost most of three fingers of his right hand as a child when lighting a homemade rocket. He was expelled from Horace Mann Prep School, and later claimed that as a teenage gang member he was involved in a stabbing, following which he lived for two years in [[Mexico]]. He started playing guitar at the age of 17, and the loss of his fingers contributed to his distinctive playing style.<ref name=premier>[https://www.premierguitar.com/articles/20850-forgotten-heroes-bruce-langhorne Michael Ross, "Forgotten Heroes: Bruce Langhorne", ''Premier Guitar'', June 9, 2014]. Retrieved 15 April 2017</ref>
Langhorne was born in [[Tallahassee, Florida]], where his father taught at the Florida Agriculture and Mechanical College for Negroes.<ref name=premier/> From the age of four, he lived with his mother in [[Spanish Harlem]], in [[New York City]]. He learned [[violin]], but lost most of three fingers of his right hand as a child when lighting a homemade rocket. He was expelled from Horace Mann Prep School, and later claimed that as a teenager he was involved in a stabbing, following which he lived for two years in [[Mexico]]. He started playing guitar at the age of 17, and the loss of his fingers contributed to his distinctive playing style.<ref name=premier>[https://www.premierguitar.com/articles/20850-forgotten-heroes-bruce-langhorne Michael Ross, "Forgotten Heroes: Bruce Langhorne", ''Premier Guitar'', June 9, 2014]. Retrieved 15 April 2017</ref>


=== Early Career in Greenwich Village ===
=== Early career in Greenwich Village ===
He began accompanying folk singer [[Brother John Sellers]] at clubs in [[Greenwich Village]], soon starting to work with other musicians. Langhorne worked with many of the major performers in the [[folk revival]] of the 1950s and 1960s, including [[The Clancy Brothers & Tommy Makem]], [[Joan Baez]], [[Richie Havens]], [[Carolyn Hester]], [[Peter LaFarge]], [[Gordon Lightfoot]], [[Hugh Masekela]], [[Odetta]], [[Babatunde Olatunji]], [[Peter, Paul and Mary]], [[Richard Fariña|Richard]] and [[Mimi Fariña]], [[Tom Rush]], [[Steve Gillette]], and [[Buffy Sainte-Marie]]. He first recorded in 1961, with Carolyn Hester, which is when he met [[Bob Dylan]]. He later said of Dylan: "I thought he was a terrible singer and a complete fake, and I thought he didn't play harmonica that well.... I didn't really start to appreciate Bobby as something unique until he started writing." In 1963 he accompanied Dylan on ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'', and in 1965 was one of several guitarists on the album ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]''.<ref name=premier/>
He began accompanying folk singer [[Brother John Sellers]] at clubs in [[Greenwich Village]], soon starting to work with other musicians. Langhorne worked with many of the major performers in the [[folk revival]] of the 1950s and 1960s, including [[The Clancy Brothers & Tommy Makem]], [[Joan Baez]], [[Richie Havens]], [[Carolyn Hester]], [[Judy Collins]], [[Peter LaFarge]], [[Gordon Lightfoot]], [[Hugh Masekela]], [[Odetta]], [[Babatunde Olatunji]], [[Peter, Paul and Mary]], [[Richard Fariña|Richard]] and [[Mimi Fariña]], [[Tom Rush]], [[Steve Gillette]], and [[Buffy Sainte-Marie]]. He first recorded in 1961, with Carolyn Hester, which is when he met [[Bob Dylan]]. He later said of Dylan: "I thought he was a terrible singer and a complete fake, and I thought he didn't play harmonica that well.... I didn't really start to appreciate Bobby as something unique until he started writing." In 1963 he accompanied Dylan on ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'', and in 1965 was one of several guitarists on the album ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]''.<ref name=premier/>


=== Mr. Tambourine Man ===
=== Mr. Tambourine Man ===
The title character of Bob Dylan's song "[[Mr. Tambourine Man]]" was probably inspired by Langhorne, who used to play a large Turkish [[frame drum]] in performances and recordings.<ref name=AllMusic>{{cite web|title=Bruce Langhorne|url={{AllMusic|id=bruce-langhorne-mn0000635087|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}}|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=July 22, 2009}}</ref><ref name=unterberger>{{cite web|url=http://www.richieunterberger.com/langhorne.html|title=Bruce Langhorne Interview|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|date=|publisher=|access-date=November 20, 2016}}</ref> The drum, which Langhorne purchased in a music store in Greenwich Village, had small bells attached around its interior, giving it a jingling sound much like a tambourine. Langhorne used the instrument most prominently on recordings by Richard and Mimi Fariña.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.richardandmimi.com/bruce.html|title=Bruce Langhorne|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=November 23, 2016}}</ref> The drum is now in the collection of the [[Experience Music Project]], in [[Seattle]], Washington.
The title character of Bob Dylan's song "[[Mr. Tambourine Man]]" was probably inspired by Langhorne, who used to play a large Turkish [[frame drum]] in performances and recordings.<ref name=AllMusic>{{cite web|title=Bruce Langhorne|url={{AllMusic|id=bruce-langhorne-mn0000635087|tab=biography|pure_url=yes}}|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=July 22, 2009}}</ref><ref name=unterberger>{{cite web|url=http://www.richieunterberger.com/langhorne.html|title=Bruce Langhorne Interview|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|date=|publisher=|access-date=November 20, 2016}}</ref> The drum, which Langhorne purchased in a music store in Greenwich Village, had small bells attached around its interior, giving it a jingling sound much like a tambourine. Langhorne used the instrument most prominently on recordings by Richard and Mimi Fariña.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.richardandmimi.com/bruce.html|title=Bruce Langhorne|author=|date=|publisher=|accessdate=November 23, 2016}}</ref> The drum is now in the collection of the [https://bobdylancenter.com/ Bob Dylan Center] in Tulsa.


=== Work With Bob Dylan ===
=== Work with Bob Dylan ===
In addition to inspiring the title character of "Mr. Tambourine Man", Langhorne played the electric guitar [[countermelody]] on the song.<ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia">{{cite book|title=The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia|edition= revised and updated |author=Gray, M.|pages=395–396|year=2008|publisher=Continuum|isbn=978-0-8264-2974-2}}</ref> His guitar is also prominent on several other songs on Dylan's ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]'' album, particularly "[[Love Minus Zero/No Limit]]" and "[[She Belongs to Me]]"; he also played the [[lead guitar]] parts on "[[Subterranean Homesick Blues]]", "[[Outlaw Blues]]", "[[Bob Dylan's 115th Dream]]" and "[[Maggie's Farm]]".<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> He also played the guitar for Dylan's television performances of "[[It's Alright Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)]]" and "[[It's All Over Now, Baby Blue]]" on ''[[The Les Crane Show]]'' in February 1965, a month after the ''Bringing It All Back Home'' sessions.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> Two years earlier, Langhorne performed on "[[Corrine, Corrina|Corrina, Corrina]]", on the album ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'', and on the outtake "[[Mixed-Up Confusion]]", which was eventually released on ''Biograph''.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> Years later, Langhorne played on tracks for Dylan's album ''[[Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid]]''.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/>
In addition to likely inspiring the title character of "Mr. Tambourine Man", Langhorne played the electric guitar [[countermelody]] on the song.<ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia">{{cite book|title=The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia|edition= revised and updated |author=Gray, M.|pages=395–396|year=2008|publisher=Continuum|isbn=978-0-8264-2974-2}}</ref> His guitar is also prominent on several other songs on Dylan's ''[[Bringing It All Back Home]]'' album, particularly "[[Love Minus Zero/No Limit]]" and "[[She Belongs to Me]]"; he also played the [[lead guitar]] parts on "[[Subterranean Homesick Blues]]", "[[Outlaw Blues]]", "[[Bob Dylan's 115th Dream]]" and "[[Maggie's Farm]]".<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> He also played the guitar for Dylan's television performances of "[[It's Alright Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)]]" and "[[It's All Over Now, Baby Blue]]" on ''[[The Les Crane Show]]'' in February 1965, a month after the ''Bringing It All Back Home'' sessions.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> Two years earlier, Langhorne performed on "[[Corrine, Corrina|Corrina, Corrina]]", on the album ''[[The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan]]'', and on the outtake "[[Mixed-Up Confusion]]", which was eventually released on ''Biograph''.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/> Years later, Langhorne played on tracks for Dylan's album ''[[Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid]]''.<ref name=AllMusic/><ref name="Dylan Encyclopedia"/>


=== Movie Music Composer ===
=== Movie music composer ===
Langhorne composed the music for the [[Peter Fonda]] [[Western (genre)#Film|western]] film ''[[The Hired Hand]]'' (1971), which combined [[sitar]], [[fiddle]], and [[banjo]]. He also provided the scores for Fonda's 1973 science fiction film ''[[Idaho Transfer]]'' and his 1976 vigilante movie ''[[Fighting Mad (1976 film)|Fighting Mad]]'' (directed by Jonathan Demme). Other films featuring Langhorne's scores include ''[[Stay Hungry]]'' (1976), ''[[Melvin and Howard]]'' (1980) and ''[[Butcher, Baker, Nightmare Maker|Night Warning]]'' (1982).
Langhorne composed the music for the [[Peter Fonda]] [[Western (genre)#Film|western]] film ''[[The Hired Hand]]'' (1971), which combined [[sitar]], [[fiddle]], and [[banjo]]. He also provided the scores for Fonda's 1973 science fiction film ''[[Idaho Transfer]]'' and his 1976 vigilante movie ''[[Fighting Mad (1976 film)|Fighting Mad]]'' (directed by Jonathan Demme). Other films featuring Langhorne's scores include ''[[Stay Hungry]]'' (1976), ''[[Melvin and Howard]]'' (1980) and ''[[Butcher, Baker, Nightmare Maker|Night Warning]]'' (1982).


In 1992, Langhorne founded a hot-sauce company, Brother Bru-Bru's African Hot Sauce.<ref name = Brubru>
In 1992, Langhorne founded a hot-sauce company, [https://www.BroBruBru.com Brother Bru-Bru's African Hot Sauce].<ref name = Brubru>
{{cite web
{{cite web
| url = http://www.brobrubru.com/about
| url = http://www.brobrubru.com/about
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[[Category:American rock guitarists]]
[[Category:American rock guitarists]]
[[Category:American session musicians]]
[[Category:American session musicians]]
[[Category:Fingerstyle guitarists]]
[[Category:American fingerstyle guitarists]]
[[Category:Guitarists from New York (state)]]
[[Category:Guitarists from New York (state)]]
[[Category:Lead guitarists]]
[[Category:American lead guitarists]]
[[Category:Musicians from New York (state)]]
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[[Category:Planet Drum members]]
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[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:People from East Harlem]]
[[Category:People from East Harlem]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney failure]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney failure in California]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American musicians]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American people]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American people]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American men]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American men]]

Latest revision as of 04:26, 9 May 2024

Bruce Langhorne
Background information
Born(1938-05-11)May 11, 1938
Tallahassee, Florida, U.S.
DiedApril 14, 2017(2017-04-14) (aged 78)
Venice, California, U.S.
GenresFolk music
Occupation(s)Musician
Instrument(s)Guitar, percussion

Bruce Langhorne (May 11, 1938 – April 14, 2017)[1] was an American folk musician. He was active in the Greenwich Village folk scene in the 1960s, primarily as a session guitarist for folk albums and performances.

Biography[edit]

Early life[edit]

Langhorne was born in Tallahassee, Florida, where his father taught at the Florida Agriculture and Mechanical College for Negroes.[2] From the age of four, he lived with his mother in Spanish Harlem, in New York City. He learned violin, but lost most of three fingers of his right hand as a child when lighting a homemade rocket. He was expelled from Horace Mann Prep School, and later claimed that as a teenager he was involved in a stabbing, following which he lived for two years in Mexico. He started playing guitar at the age of 17, and the loss of his fingers contributed to his distinctive playing style.[2]

Early career in Greenwich Village[edit]

He began accompanying folk singer Brother John Sellers at clubs in Greenwich Village, soon starting to work with other musicians. Langhorne worked with many of the major performers in the folk revival of the 1950s and 1960s, including The Clancy Brothers & Tommy Makem, Joan Baez, Richie Havens, Carolyn Hester, Judy Collins, Peter LaFarge, Gordon Lightfoot, Hugh Masekela, Odetta, Babatunde Olatunji, Peter, Paul and Mary, Richard and Mimi Fariña, Tom Rush, Steve Gillette, and Buffy Sainte-Marie. He first recorded in 1961, with Carolyn Hester, which is when he met Bob Dylan. He later said of Dylan: "I thought he was a terrible singer and a complete fake, and I thought he didn't play harmonica that well.... I didn't really start to appreciate Bobby as something unique until he started writing." In 1963 he accompanied Dylan on The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, and in 1965 was one of several guitarists on the album Bringing It All Back Home.[2]

Mr. Tambourine Man[edit]

The title character of Bob Dylan's song "Mr. Tambourine Man" was probably inspired by Langhorne, who used to play a large Turkish frame drum in performances and recordings.[3][4] The drum, which Langhorne purchased in a music store in Greenwich Village, had small bells attached around its interior, giving it a jingling sound much like a tambourine. Langhorne used the instrument most prominently on recordings by Richard and Mimi Fariña.[5] The drum is now in the collection of the Bob Dylan Center in Tulsa.

Work with Bob Dylan[edit]

In addition to likely inspiring the title character of "Mr. Tambourine Man", Langhorne played the electric guitar countermelody on the song.[6] His guitar is also prominent on several other songs on Dylan's Bringing It All Back Home album, particularly "Love Minus Zero/No Limit" and "She Belongs to Me"; he also played the lead guitar parts on "Subterranean Homesick Blues", "Outlaw Blues", "Bob Dylan's 115th Dream" and "Maggie's Farm".[3][6] He also played the guitar for Dylan's television performances of "It's Alright Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)" and "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue" on The Les Crane Show in February 1965, a month after the Bringing It All Back Home sessions.[3][6] Two years earlier, Langhorne performed on "Corrina, Corrina", on the album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, and on the outtake "Mixed-Up Confusion", which was eventually released on Biograph.[3][6] Years later, Langhorne played on tracks for Dylan's album Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid.[3][6]

Movie music composer[edit]

Langhorne composed the music for the Peter Fonda western film The Hired Hand (1971), which combined sitar, fiddle, and banjo. He also provided the scores for Fonda's 1973 science fiction film Idaho Transfer and his 1976 vigilante movie Fighting Mad (directed by Jonathan Demme). Other films featuring Langhorne's scores include Stay Hungry (1976), Melvin and Howard (1980) and Night Warning (1982).

In 1992, Langhorne founded a hot-sauce company, Brother Bru-Bru's African Hot Sauce.[7] The hot sauce is unique for containing "African spices" and all-natural or organic, no-sodium or low-sodium ingredients.[7]

Bruce suffered a debilitating stroke in 2006, but was able to live at home, surrounded by loved ones, until his death from kidney failure on April 14, 2017,[1] in Venice, California[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Lobenfeld, Claire (April 15, 2017). "Bruce Langhorne, legendary folk musician and 'Mr. Tambourine Man' inspiration, has died". FACT. VF Publishing. Archived from the original on June 10, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Michael Ross, "Forgotten Heroes: Bruce Langhorne", Premier Guitar, June 9, 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2017
  3. ^ a b c d e "Bruce Langhorne". AllMusic. Retrieved July 22, 2009.
  4. ^ Unterberger, Richie. "Bruce Langhorne Interview". Retrieved November 20, 2016.
  5. ^ "Bruce Langhorne". Retrieved November 23, 2016.
  6. ^ a b c d e Gray, M. (2008). The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia (revised and updated ed.). Continuum. pp. 395–396. ISBN 978-0-8264-2974-2.
  7. ^ a b "About Brother Bru-Bru's African Hot Sauces". Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  8. ^ Marble, Steve (April 19, 2017). "Bruce Langhorne, folk musician who inspired Bob Dylan's 'Mr. Tambourine Man', dies at 78". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 24, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Langhorne&oldid=1222984929"