Anthomyzidae: Difference between revisions
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*''[[Zealantha]]'' <small>Roháček, 2007</small> |
*''[[Zealantha]]'' <small>Roháček, 2007</small> |
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The '''Anthomyzidae''' are small, slender, yellow to black [[Fly|flies]] with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from [[Europe]]. Although they occur in all [[Ecoregion|major regions]], they seem to be most varied in the [[Holarctic]] region. |
The '''Anthomyzidae''' are small, slender, yellow to black [[Fly|flies]] with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from [[Europe]]. Although they occur in all [[Ecoregion|major regions]], they seem to be most varied in the [[Holarctic]] region. |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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For terms see [[Morphology of Diptera]] |
For terms see [[Morphology of Diptera]] |
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These are sinute to small (1.3-4.5 mm), slender flies. They are yellow (sometimes with dark spots or stripes) to black in colour. The postverticals on the head are small, convergent or parallel, and rarely absent. Two or three pairs of frontal bristles, which curve backward, are present and usually preceded by one or more weaker bristles. Interfrontal bristles are absent or present. Peristomal bristles ("false vibrissae") are present. In the more common ''Anthomyza'' and ''Paranthomyza'', the lower side of femur 1 has a well-developed spine in apical third. Wings are usually long and narrow and immaculate (sometimes marked). Some species are brachypterous. The costa has a subcostal break and the subcosta is incomplete. |
These are sinute to small (1.3-4.5 mm), slender flies. They are yellow (sometimes with dark spots or stripes) to black in colour. The postverticals on the head are small, convergent or parallel, and rarely absent. Two or three pairs of frontal bristles, which curve backward, are present and usually preceded by one or more weaker bristles. Interfrontal bristles are absent or present. Peristomal bristles ("false vibrissae") are present. In the more common ''Anthomyza'' and ''Paranthomyza'', the lower side of femur 1 has a well-developed spine in apical third. Wings are usually long and narrow and immaculate (sometimes marked). Some species are brachypterous. The costa has a subcostal break and the subcosta is incomplete. |
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Adults are usually found in moist habitats such as damp meadows, marshes, bogs, and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Some species inhabit dry grasslands (some species of'' Anthomyza'' and the brachypterous ''Stiphrosoma sabulosum''). |
Adults are usually found in moist habitats such as damp meadows, marshes, bogs, and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Some species inhabit dry grasslands (some species of'' Anthomyza'' and the brachypterous ''Stiphrosoma sabulosum''). |
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==Phylogeny== |
==Phylogeny== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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*Przemysław Trojan, 1962 Odiniidae, Clusiidae, Anthomyzidae, Opomyzidae, Tethinidae in (series) ''Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski'', 28,54/58; Muchowki = Diptera, 54/58 Publisher Warszawa : Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe (in Polish) |
*Przemysław Trojan, 1962 Odiniidae, Clusiidae, Anthomyzidae, Opomyzidae, Tethinidae in (series) ''Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski'', 28,54/58; Muchowki = Diptera, 54/58 Publisher Warszawa : Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe (in Polish) |
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*Jindřich Roháček, 2006. ''A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae'' (Diptera), Part 1.published as supplement 1 of the Časopis Slezského zemského muzea, Vol. 55 (2006) 326 pages, 661 black-and-white illustrations. ISSN 1211-3026, {{ISBN|80-86224-57-0}} |
*Jindřich Roháček, 2006. ''A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae'' (Diptera), Part 1.published as supplement 1 of the Časopis Slezského zemského muzea, Vol. 55 (2006) 326 pages, 661 black-and-white illustrations. ISSN 1211-3026, {{ISBN|80-86224-57-0}} |
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*Jindřich Roháček, 2007. ''Zealantha thorpei'' gen. et sp. nov. (Diptera: Anthomyzidae), first family representative from New Zealand. Zootaxa 1576: 1–13 [http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01576p013.pdf Zootaxa] |
*Jindřich Roháček, 2007. ''Zealantha thorpei'' gen. et sp. nov. (Diptera: Anthomyzidae), first family representative from New Zealand. Zootaxa 1576: 1–13 [http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01576p013.pdf Zootaxa] |
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===Species lists=== |
===Species lists=== |
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*[http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=10883 West Palaearctic including Russia] |
*[http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=10883 West Palaearctic including Russia] |
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*[http://konchudb.agr.agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/mokuroku/ Japan] |
*[http://konchudb.agr.agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/mokuroku/ Japan] |
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*[http://eol.org/pages/512/overview World list] |
*[http://eol.org/pages/512/overview World list] |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=63 Diptera.info] images |
*[http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=63 Diptera.info] images |
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{{Wikispecies|Anthomyzidae}} |
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{{commons category|Anthomyzidae}} |
{{commons category|Anthomyzidae}} |
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{{Diptera|2}} |
{{Diptera|2}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q1617278}} |
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[[Category:Brachycera families]] |
[[Category:Brachycera families]] |
Revision as of 21:33, 22 March 2018
Anthomyzidae | |
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Short-winged form of Stiphrosoma sabulosum from Germany | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
Phylum: | |
Class: | |
Order: | |
Superfamily: | |
Family: | Anthomyzidae
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Genera | |
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The Anthomyzidae are small, slender, yellow to black flies with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from Europe. Although they occur in all major regions, they seem to be most varied in the Holarctic region.
Around 20 diverse genera have been placed in the family. Two, Teratomyza and Teratoptera, are now in the Teratomyzidae, and Cyamops and Stenomicra are in the Stenomicridae. Melanthomyza Malloch from Chile should probably not be retained in the family. The remaining genera are very similar to one another.
Description
For terms see Morphology of Diptera
These are sinute to small (1.3-4.5 mm), slender flies. They are yellow (sometimes with dark spots or stripes) to black in colour. The postverticals on the head are small, convergent or parallel, and rarely absent. Two or three pairs of frontal bristles, which curve backward, are present and usually preceded by one or more weaker bristles. Interfrontal bristles are absent or present. Peristomal bristles ("false vibrissae") are present. In the more common Anthomyza and Paranthomyza, the lower side of femur 1 has a well-developed spine in apical third. Wings are usually long and narrow and immaculate (sometimes marked). Some species are brachypterous. The costa has a subcostal break and the subcosta is incomplete.
Biology
Larvae have been reported from decaying dicotyledonous plants, from fungi, and in Europe from leaf sheaths of various grasses and of Typha, Scirpus, and Juncus, from Lipara galls on Phragmites. They may be either phytophagous or saprophagous, but damage to cereals or other plants has not been reported.
Adults are usually found in moist habitats such as damp meadows, marshes, bogs, and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Some species inhabit dry grasslands (some species of Anthomyza and the brachypterous Stiphrosoma sabulosum).
Phylogeny
Opomyzoidea |
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References
- ^ Nello schema di McAlpine, i Clusiidae sono in relazione con il genere Acartophthalmus, che secondo l'analisi cladistica di Buck (2006) va collocato nel clade dei Carnoidea. Vedi Acartophthalmidae.
Further reading
- Przemysław Trojan, 1962 Odiniidae, Clusiidae, Anthomyzidae, Opomyzidae, Tethinidae in (series) Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski, 28,54/58; Muchowki = Diptera, 54/58 Publisher Warszawa : Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe (in Polish)
- Jindřich Roháček, 1996. Revision of Palaearctic Stiphrosoma, including the Anthomyza-laeta group (Diptera, Anthomyzidae). Eur. J. Entomol. 93:89-120, ISSN 1210-5759 European Journal of Entomology
- Jindřich Roháček, 1998. Taxonomic limits, phylogeny and higher classification of Anthomyzidae (Diptera), with special regard to fossil record. Eur. J. Entomol. 95:141-177, ISSN 1210-5759 European Journal of Entomology
- Jindřich Roháček, 2006. A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 1.published as supplement 1 of the Časopis Slezského zemského muzea, Vol. 55 (2006) 326 pages, 661 black-and-white illustrations. ISSN 1211-3026, ISBN 80-86224-57-0
- Jindřich Roháček, 2007. Zealantha thorpei gen. et sp. nov. (Diptera: Anthomyzidae), first family representative from New Zealand. Zootaxa 1576: 1–13 Zootaxa