Devata
| Devata (sg.) / Devatas (pl.) | |
|---|---|
| |
 The 9th century relief of male devata flanked by a two apsaras in the Prambanan temple, Central Java | |
| Affiliation | Hindu–Buddhist deities |
| Gender | Both gender (male and female) |
| Translations of Devata | |
|---|---|
| English | deity |
| Sanskrit | देवता (IAST: devatā) |
| Assamese | দেৱতা (devatā) |
| Balinese | ᬤᬾᬯᬢ (dewata) |
| Bengali | দেবতা (debota) |
| Hindi | देवता (devtā) |
| Javanese | ꦢꦺꦮꦠ (dewata) |
| Malayalam | ദേവൻ (devan) |
| Nepali | देवता (devatā) |
| Odia | ଦେବତା (debôta) |
| Tamil | தேவர்கள் (tevarkal̤) |
| Telugu | దేవుడు (dēvuḍu) |
| Glossary of Hinduism terms | |
| Translations of Devata | |
|---|---|
| English | deity |
| Pali | देवता (devatā) |
| Chinese | 天人 (Pinyin: tiān rén) |
| Indonesian | dewata |
| Khmer | ទេវតា; ទេព្ដា (UNGEGN: tévôta; tépda) |
| Tagalog | diwata |
| Thai | เทวดา (RTGS: tee-vá-daa) |
| Glossary of Buddhism | |
Devata (sg.), or sometimes also known as Devatas (pl.) is a form of union terminology that commonly used to refers the Dharmic-related divinity system of Hindu and Buddhist faiths.
Etymology
The term Devata used in several South Asian and Maritime Southeast Asian languages is ultimately derived from Sanskrit. The Latin terms of Deitas and Divinitas might related to these term, which later absorbed in English as "deity" and "divinity".
| Dravidian | Indo-China | Indo-European | Indo-Nesian | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indo-Aryan | Romance | Sumatran | Bali-Java | South Sulawesi | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Tamil | Telugu | Khmer | Thai | Assamese | Bengali | Hindi | Nepali | Odia | Sanskrit | Sindhi | Catalan | French | Italian | Latin | Romanian | Karo | Simalungun | Toba | Rejang | Balinese | Javanese | Sundanese | Bugis | Makasar |
| தேவர்கள் (tevarkal̤) | దేవుడు (dēvuḍu) | ទេវតា (tévôta) | เทวดา (teevádaa) | দেৱতা (devatā) | দেবতা (debota) | देवता (devtā) | ଦେବତା (debôta) | देवता (devatā) | देवता (devatā) | ديوانيت (divanit) | divinitat | divinité | divinità | divinitas | divinitate | ᯑᯫᯆᯖ (dibata) | ᯉᯜᯖ (naibata) | ᯑᯩᯅᯖ (debata) | ꤴꥇꤷꤳ (dibata) | ᬤᬾᬯᬢ (dewata) | ꦢꦺꦮꦠ (dewata) | ᮓᮨᮝᮒ (dewata) | ᨙᨉᨓᨈ (dewata) | 𑻨𑻭𑻯𑻦 (rewata) |
Types
There are many kinds of devatas: vanadevatas (forest spirits, perhaps descendants of early nature-spirit cults), gramadevata (village gods), devatas of river crossings, caves, mountains, and so on. For example, in the Konkan region of India, Hindu devatas are often divided into five categories:[1]
- Grama devatas or village deities who could be the founder deity such as Jathera or ancestral worship of Bali, and examples include Santoshi, Renuka, Aiyanar
- Sthana devatas or local deities, for example, those in certain places of pilgrimage like Rama in Nasik, Vithoba in Pandharpur, Krishna at Dwarka, Kali at Kolkata, Mahalakshmi at Kolhapur, Devi Kanya Kumari at Kanyakumari
- Kula devatas or family deities, like Khanderai and Muniandi
- Ishta devatas or chosen deities
- Vastu devatas or Gruha devatas, a class of deities that preside over the house.
Following are some of the important types of Devatas in Sri Lankan Buddhism:
- Bandara Devathavo are devatas of trees, mountains, etc.
- Gambara Devathavo are devatas of the villages
- Graha Devathavo are devatas of planets[2][3]
Scriptures
Some well-known Hindu-Buddhist heavenly beings belong to the group of devatas, such as apsaras or vidhyadaris (female cloud and water spirits) and their male counterparts, the gandharvas (heavenly musicians). Devatas often occur in many Buddhist Jatakas, Hindu epics such as the Ramayana and the Mahabharata and in many other Buddhist holy scriptures. The island of Bali is nicknamed Pulau Dewata (Indonesian: "islands of devata or island of gods") because of its vivid Hindu culture and traditions. In Indonesia, the term hyang is equivalent to devata. In Hinduism, the devatas that guard the eight, nine and ten cardinal points are called Lokapala (Guardians of the Directions) or, more specifically in ancient Java tradition, Dewata Nawa Sanga (Guardians of Nine Directions).
See also
- Divinity – the English term cognates to Devata
- Deity – the English term cognates to Devata
- Devatadvipa – an island in Indonesia
References
- ^ R.E. Enthoven; A. M. T. Jackson (1915). Folklore Notes, Vol. 2, Konkan. Bombay: British India Press, Mazgaon.
- ^ "Who are Gods & Goddesses". Why Do I Meditate?. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
- ^ "Sri Lanka Web Portal on Astrology and Spiritual Development". lankawisdom.com. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
- Palani, Sivasiva. "New Angles On Angels." Hinduism Today, Sep 1992. Accessed 11 May 2006.
- Krishna, Nanditha. "Grounded in wisdom." Newindpress on Sunday, April 26, 2003. Accessed 11 May 2006.
- Chopra, Deepak: Life after Death, The Burden of Proof, Chapter 11 "Guides and Messengers" Three Rivers Press, 2008.
External links
- Devata.org - Research on Khmer Women in Divine Context
- Photos and Articles about Devata temples in Cambodia, Thailand & Laos
Hindu deities and texts | ||
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| Gods |  | |
| Goddesses | ||
| Other deities | ||
| Texts (list) | ||