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Importing Wikidata short description: "Indonesian businessman"
 
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{{Short description|Indonesian businessman}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
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'''Hadji Samanhoedi''' (1868 – 28 December 1956) was founder of [[Sarekat Dagang Islam]], a [[mass organization]] in Indonesia that was previously an association for [[batik]] traders in [[Surakarta]].
[[File:Samanhudi 1962 Indonesia stamp.jpg|right|300px]]
⚫
'''Hadji Samanhudi''' (1868 – 28 December 1956) was the founder of [[Sarekat Dagang Islam]], an organization in [[Indonesia]] that previously served as an association for [[batik]] traders in [[Surakarta]], and later broadened its scope to nationalist political issues.


Born in [[Lawiyan]], Solo (Surakarta) as '''Soedarno Nadi''', he was educated until SR (''Sekolah Rakyat'') but he didn't graduate. After that he learned Islam in [[Surabaya]]. At the same time he traded batik.
Born in Lawiyan, [[Surakarta|Solo]] as '''Soedarno Nadi''', he was educated until the highschool-equivalent SR (''Sekolah Rakyat'') but he didn't graduate. He then studied [[Islam]] in [[Surabaya]]. At the same time he began trading in batik.


Samanhudi founded Sarekat Dagang Islam, or Islamic Trade Union, in 1911. The Union consists of batik entrepreneurs in East and Central Java with the goal to improve their market hold against Chinese competition. The members of the organization were unified by a common religion, Islam, albeit one with many influences from local mysticism and tradition. Samanhudi remained as its chairman until 1914, two years after [[Tjokroaminoto]] transformed the trading organization into a political one.
Around 1911 there was an unhealthy competition between Indonesian traders and [[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]] traders. Indonesian traders were oppressed by Dutch geovernment, while Chinese traders were helped. Hence Indonesian traders couldn't expand. Seeing this imbalanced condition, Samanhoedi made an effort to arrange strength in trade and religion. In 1911, he established ''[[Sarekat Dagang Islam]]'' in Solo. This organization's aim was to defend Indonesian traders' interest.


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Since 1920, Samanhudi became inactive in the party. His health declined, but his interest on national movements never calmed down. He retreated from the public spotlight, until after Indonesia's independence, when he resumed his activity. In participation of defending [[Republic of Indonesia]] against the [[Dutch East Indies|formerly-colonist Dutch]] military aggression, Samanhudi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (''Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo'') and Pancasila Union Branch (''Cabang Persatuan Pancasila''). When the [[Netherlands]] launched the second aggression, he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (''Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap''), which was assigned to provide logistical supplies for union armies fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when [[Indonesian National Revolution]] took place.
SDI's birth was answered extraordinarily. In the short time ith branches were founded in outer Solo. The Dutch government was shocked to see this development. After that, SDI was promoted to political party. On 10 September 1912, SDI was changed to SI (''[[Sarekat Islam]]''; Islamic Union). H. Samanhoedi was elected to be its chairman until 1914. After that, SDI was led by [[H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto]], and grew to be mass party.


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Samanhudi died in [[Klaten]] on 28 December 1956, and was buried in Banaran, [[Grogol, Sukoharjo]].
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Since 1920, H. Samanhoedi wasn't active in the party. His health was bad, but his interest to national movement never calmed down. For a long time his name never appeared. After Indonesia's independence, he was active again. To defend [[Republic of Indonesia]] facing Dutch aggression, Samanhoedi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (''Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo'') and Pancasila Union Branch (''Cabang Persatuan Pancasila''). When [[the Netherlands]] launched [[Clash II]], he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (''Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap''). That army was assigned to provide equipments mainly foods for army union fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when [[Indonesian National Revolution]] took place.

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He died in [[Klaten]] (28 December 1956) and was buried in [[Banaran]], [[Grogol, Sukoharjo]].


==References==
==References==
* Blumberger, J. Th. Petrus. (1931). De Nationalistische Beweging in Nederlandsch-Indië. Haarlem: H.D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon N.V.
* -.1999. ''Album Pahlawan Bangsa''. [[Jakarta]]: Mutiara Sumber Widya.
* McVey, Ruth T. (1963). ed. Indonesia. New Haven: Human Relations Area Files, Inc.


{{National Heroes of Indonesia}}
{{National Heroes of Indonesia}}


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Samanhudi}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Samanhoedi
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Indonesian businessman
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1868
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 28 December 1956
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Samanhoedi}}
[[Category:1868 births]]
[[Category:1868 births]]
[[Category:1956 deaths]]
[[Category:1956 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Surakarta]]
[[Category:People from Surakarta]]
[[Category:National Heroes of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Sarekat Islam politicians]]
[[Category:Burials in Java]]

Latest revision as of 03:06, 15 March 2024

Hadji Samanhudi (1868 – 28 December 1956) was the founder of Sarekat Dagang Islam, an organization in Indonesia that previously served as an association for batik traders in Surakarta, and later broadened its scope to nationalist political issues.

Born in Lawiyan, Solo as Soedarno Nadi, he was educated until the highschool-equivalent SR (Sekolah Rakyat) but he didn't graduate. He then studied Islam in Surabaya. At the same time he began trading in batik.

Samanhudi founded Sarekat Dagang Islam, or Islamic Trade Union, in 1911. The Union consists of batik entrepreneurs in East and Central Java with the goal to improve their market hold against Chinese competition. The members of the organization were unified by a common religion, Islam, albeit one with many influences from local mysticism and tradition. Samanhudi remained as its chairman until 1914, two years after Tjokroaminoto transformed the trading organization into a political one.

Since 1920, Samanhudi became inactive in the party. His health declined, but his interest on national movements never calmed down. He retreated from the public spotlight, until after Indonesia's independence, when he resumed his activity. In participation of defending Republic of Indonesia against the formerly-colonist Dutch military aggression, Samanhudi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo) and Pancasila Union Branch (Cabang Persatuan Pancasila). When the Netherlands launched the second aggression, he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap), which was assigned to provide logistical supplies for union armies fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when Indonesian National Revolution took place.

Samanhudi died in Klaten on 28 December 1956, and was buried in Banaran, Grogol, Sukoharjo.

References[edit]

  • Blumberger, J. Th. Petrus. (1931). De Nationalistische Beweging in Nederlandsch-Indië. Haarlem: H.D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon N.V.
  • McVey, Ruth T. (1963). ed. Indonesia. New Haven: Human Relations Area Files, Inc.
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