Ælfric Puttoc

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Ælfric Puttoc († January 22, 1051 in Southwell ) was Archbishop of York and Bishop of Worcester .

Early time

Ælfric appears for the first time in the historical record as provost of New Minster (Winchester) . He's probably from Wessex . In 1023 he was appointed Archbishop of York, but was not - as was common at the time - at the same time Bishop of Worcester. He received his consecration from Æthelnoth , the Archbishop of Canterbury .

To receive his pallium , Ælfric traveled in 1026 - as the first archbishop of York - to Rome; hitherto it had been customary for the pallium to be sent from Rome to York. Under King Canute the Great , Ælfric received the Patrington estate in Holderness from the king and his wife Emma . In 1036 he will have been the clergyman who crowned Harold Harefoot King of England, as the incumbent Archbishop of Canterbury, Æthelnoth, was a supporter of Harold's rival Hardiknut .

Under Hardiknut

When Hardiknut became king, Ælfric joined him. During his reign, Ælfric was sent out with others to have Harold's body dismembered and scattered. When in 1040 Bishop Lyfing was accused of Winchester to have been involved in the murder of Alfred Ætheling , Ælfric used his temporary disfavor to seize Worcesters. The chronicler John of Worcester reports that it was Ælfric himself who accused Lyfing, although it is unclear whether he did it to gain Hardiknut's favor or the bishopric of Worcester. Ælfric was deposed in both dioceses in 1041.

Ælfric's main political activities took place during the reign of Hardiknut, although he also attested documents from Canute the Great, Harold Harefoot, and Eduard the Confessor .

Ælfric had the relics of John of Beverley transferred to a new shrine in Beverley in 1037 and campaigned to promote the cult of this saint by providing new buildings and making foundations for the church. A curiosity of his time as archbishop was that he used the term archipraseul instead of the usual archiepiscopus . He founded houses for canons in his archdiocese and continued the work of his predecessor. A late medieval source, transmitted by John Leland , claims that Ælfric created the offices of sexton , chancellor and precentor in Beverley .

Under Edward the Confessor

1042 Ælfric's successor Æthelric was deposed as Archbishop of York and Ælfric was able to return to this office. He officiated with Archbishop Eadsige of Canterbury on April 3, 1043 in Winchester at the coronation of Edward the Confessor. Ælfric died on January 22, 1051 in Southwell and was buried in Peterborough Cathedral. While the late medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury believed that Ælfric deserved reprimand, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle called him "very venerable and wise". Ælfric left his robes and altar to Peterborough Abbey.

Ælfric's nickname "Puttoc" is probably derived from Old English Pyttel, " Milan , little falcon " and was possibly an invention of the Worcester monks to belittle Ælfric. It can also mean " buzzard ". The name only occurs with Ælfric himself, so it is unlikely that it is a real family name

The Northumbrian Priests' Law , usually attributed to Ælfric's predecessor Wulfstan II of York , may also have come from Ælfric or his successor Cynesige .

literature

  • Frank Barlow (1970), Edward the Confessor , Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-01671-8 .
  • Frank Barlow (1979), The English Church 1000-1066: A History of the Later Anglo-Saxon Church (2nd edition). New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-49049-9 .
  • Janet M. Cooper (1970), The Last Four Anglo-Saxon Archbishops of York , Borthwick Papers Number 38. York, UK: St Anthony's Press. OCLC 656290.
  • Reginald A. Fletcher (2003), Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England , Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-516136-X .
  • Edmund B. Fryde, Diana E. Greenway, Stephen Porter, Ian Roy (1996), Handbook of British Chronology (3rd revised edition). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X .
  • William Hunt (2004). Ælfric (d. 1051) , Oxford Dictionary of National Biography .
  • David Knowles (1976). The Monastic Order in England: A History of its Development from the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940-1216 (2nd edition (reprint)). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-05479-6 .
  • Ian Walker (2000), Harold the Last Anglo-Saxon King . Gloucestershire, UK: Wrens Park. ISBN 0-905778-46-4 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b c d Hunt
  2. ^ Cooper, p. 14
  3. ↑ a b c Fryde ea, p. 224
  4. ↑ a b c Cooper, p. 16
  5. ↑ Fletcher, p. 104
  6. ↑ a b c d Barlow, pp. 72-74
  7. ↑ Walker, p. 16
  8. ^ Barlow, p. 234
  9. ^ Cooper, p. 17
  10. ^ Barlow, p. 61
  11. ↑ Barlow, p. 104
  12. ↑ Knowles, p. 73
  13. ↑ Quoted in Barlow English Church 1000-1066, p. 73
  14. ↑ Fletcher, pp. 113-114
  15. ↑ Cooper, pp. 17-18
  16. ↑ Fletcher, p. 128
personal data
SURNAME Ælfric Puttoc
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archbishop of York, Bishop of Worcester
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century or 11th century
DATE OF DEATH January 22, 1051
Place of death Southwell