Æthelwald minor

The most important minor kingdoms in Britain of the eighth century - Northumbria consisted of the earlier kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira

Æthelwald Moll (also Aeðelwaldus, Æþilwald, Aðelwald, Aþelwald, Ediluuald, Moll, Moll Adeluuold, Æðelwold etc.) was king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria from 759 to 765 .

Life

Æthelwald is not listed in the genealogical line of the Kings of Northumbria. The most likely reason for this is that he was not seen as a descendant of Ida von Bernicia . It is not known whether he was a descendant of the Ælle von Deira dynasty or from another distinguished noble family. The abbot Forthred was probably a brother of Æthelwald. The chronicler Symeon of Durham reports that Æthelwald and Æthelthryth were married on November 1, 762 in Caterecta (Catterick, North Yorkshire ). The later King Æthelred I (774-778 and 788-796) was a son of Æthelwald, his daughter Æthelthryth is recorded as a nun in Lucca, Italy.

Around 757, King Eadberht expropriated three monasteries (Stonegrave, Coxwold and Donæmuthe ) of the abbot Forthred and handed them over to the " patricius Moll". Forthred turned to Pope Paul I , who requested the return in a letter. Eadberht abdicated in 758 in favor of his son Oswulf and became a monk in York. Æthelwald may have been involved in Eadberht's abdication.

On July 24 or 25, 759, the king was murdered by members of his household in Methel Wonghtun ( Market Weighton ). Who was behind the murder was not recorded, but the plot probably started from Æthelwald. On August 5, 759, Æthelwald Moll was crowned king. His power base was probably in Deira , the southern part of Northumbria.

Æthelwald had to put down at least one rebellion, which was led by the alleged rival to the throne Oswine (possibly a brother of Oswulf). The uprising ended in a three-day battle from August 7th to 9th, 761 with Oswine's death at Edwin's-Cliff (Eildon Hills near Melrose ). On October 30, 765, Æthelwald in Pincanheale (Finchale near Durham ) was deposed by the Witenagemot and Ealchred (Alhred), the brother-in-law of his predecessor Oswulf, was appointed the new king.

After his removal, Æthelwald went, possibly not voluntarily, to a monastery and became a monk. The year of his death is unknown. Ealdorman "Moll", executed by Eardwulf (796-810?) In 799, was probably a descendant.

swell

Wikisource: en: Ecclesiastical History of the English People / Continuation  - Sources and full texts (English)

• anonymous: Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Online in Project Gutenberg (English)
• Symeon of Durham : De Gestis Regum Anglorum (Deeds of the English Kings)
• Symeon of Durham: Historia ecclesiae Dunelmensis (History of the Church of Durham)
• Anonymous, Whitley Stokes editor: The Annals of Tigernach . In: Revue Celtique 16-18 . 1895-1897. Retrieved January 27, 2007.

literature

• David W. Rollason: Northumbria, 500-1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom . Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-521-81335-8 .
• Barbara Yorke : Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England . Routledge, London-New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 . PDF (6.2 MB)
• DP Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, London-New York 2000, ISBN 978-0-415-24211-0 .
• Nicholas J. Higham: The Kingdom of Northumbria AD 350-1100 . Sutton, 1993. ISBN 978-0-86299-730-4 .
• John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves: The Kings and Queens of Britain , Oxford University Press, 2009 (2nd revised edition), ISBN 978-0-19-955922-0 .
• John Marsden: Northanhymbre Saga: The History of the Anglo-Saxon Kings of Northumbria. London: Cathie, 1992. ISBN 1-85626-055-0
• Symeon von Durham, J. Stevenson translator: The Historical Works of Simeon of Durham . In: Church Historians of England, volume III, part II . Seeley's. 1855. Retrieved January 27, 2007.

Web links

• Æthelwald Moll ( memento from December 23, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) and Moll ( memento from December 23, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) in Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England (PASE)
• Æthelwald "Moll" in Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Simon Keynes: Kings of Northumbria . In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1 , pp. 502-505.
2. ^ Barbara Yorke: Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England. Routledge, London-New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 , pp. 89 and 94.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} D. P. Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, London-New York 2000, ISBN 978-0-415-24211-0 , pp. 125-126.
4. ^ Symeon of Durham: De Gestis Regum Anglorum for the year 762
5. ↑ Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 774 and 790
6. ↑ Document of August 782. In Chartae Latinae antiquiores . Volume 37. Edited by Paola Supino Martini. Dietikon-Zürich 1990, p. 48: Adeltruda (.) Saxa (:) Dei ancilla (:) filia (.) Adelvualdi (.) Qui fuit rex Saxonum (.) Ultramarino
7. ^ ^{A b c} David W. Rollason: Northumbria, 500-1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom . Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-521-81335-8 , pp. 193-194.
8. ↑ ^{a b} John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves: The Kings and Queens of Britain , Oxford University Press, 2009 (2nd revised edition), ISBN 978-0-19-955922-0 , p. 41.
9. ↑ on August 6, 761 according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 761
10. ^ Symeon of Durham: De Gestis Regum Anglorum for the year 759
11. ^ Annals of Tigernach for the year 764

predecessor	Office	successor
Oswulf	King of Northumbria 759-765	Ealchred