2S1

SO-122 ( 2S1 ) Gwosdika
	Russian 2S1
General properties
crew	4 (commander, driver, gunner, loader) - 5 (commander, driver, gunner, two loaders)
length	7.26
width	2.85 m
height	2.73 m
Dimensions	16 tons
	Armor and armament
Armor	20 mm ( steel )
Main armament	1 × 122mm Howitzer 2A18
Secondary armament	no
agility
drive	JaMS-238 N ; 300 PS (221 kW)
suspension	Torsion bar
Top speed	60 km / h (road), 30 km / h (terrain), 4.5 km / h (water)
Power / weight	13.8 kW / t
Range	500 km

The 2S1 is a self-propelled gun developed in the Soviet Union . It was developed in the late 1960s and entered service in the Soviet Army in 1972 . In the Warsaw Pact armies it was referred to as SO-122, 2S1 or Gwosdika ( Russian Гвоздика Nelke ), in the west as M1974, since it was first sighted in 1974. Production stopped in 1991.

technology

The 2S1 has an extended chain chassis based on that of the MT-LBu . The weight is 16 tons with armor of 20 millimeters ( steel ). The weapon corresponds to the 122 mm D-30 field howitzer . It has a smoke extractor, two-chamber muzzle brake, fall block lock and a power-assisted loader. The ammunition supply is 40 rounds and must be reduced to 30 before swimming. The firing range for HE (high-explosive shells) is 15.3 kilometers, for ammunition with increased range (example: missiles with rocket propulsion) up to 21.9 kilometers. In the Soviet Army they were mostly used as close-up support in the regimental artillery group or as auxiliary artillery for the regiments.

Ammunition types

HE (HE shells)
fog
fin stabilized HL
Luminous
Arrow shrapnel
propaganda
chemical projectiles
Kitolow (laser-guided precision grenade, tested since 2002)

Other technical data

Caliber: 122.4 mm
Ground pressure : 0.49 kg / cm²
Vertical obstacle, front: max. 0.70 m
Ground clearance: 0.40 m
Trench crossing ability: 2.75 m
Engine: Diesel JaMZ-238N , 8-cylinder 4-stroke diesel with exhaust gas turbocharger, 220 kW (300 PS)
Range: 500 km
Elevation range: −3 ° to + 70 °
Side straightening range: 360 °
The vehicle can float.

User states

Current users

Algeria Algeria - As of January 2018, 140 2S1 were on duty.
Armenia Armenia - As of January 2018, there were 10 2S1 on duty.
Angola Angola - There were an unknown number of 2S1 on duty in January 2018.
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan - As of January 2018, there were 46 2S1 in service.
Ethiopia Ethiopia - As of January 2018, there were an unknown number of 2S1 on duty.
Bulgaria Bulgaria - In January 2018 there were 48 2S1 on duty.
Congo Democratic Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo - As of January 2018, 6 2S1 were on duty.
Eritrea Eritrea - As of January 2018, 32 2S1 were on duty.
Finland Finland - As of January 2018, there were 36 2S1 (designated as PsH 74) on duty.
Georgia Georgia - As of January 2018, there were 20 2S1 on duty.
Iran Iran - As of January 2018, there were at least 60 2S1 (named Raad-1) on duty.
Yemen Yemen - As of January 2018, an unknown number of 2S1 were on duty.
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan - In January 2018, there were 120 2S1 in service.
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan - As of January 2018, 18 2S1 were on duty.
Croatia Croatia - In January 2018 there were 8 2S1 on duty.
Cuba Cuba - An unknown number of 2S1 were on duty in January 2018.

Poland Poland - In January 2018 there were 292 2S1 in service.
Congo Republic Republic of the Congo - As of January 2018, 3 2S1 were on duty.
Romania Romania - In January 2018 there were 6 2S1 and 18 Model 89 in service.
Russia Russia
Army - As of April 17, 2019, 160 2S1 / M1 are in service.
Marine Infantry - As of January 2018, there are 95 2S1 / M1 in service.
Serbia Serbia - As of January 2018, there were 67 2S1 on duty.
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe - As of January 2018, 12 2S1 were in service.
Sudan Sudan - As of January 2018, there were 56 2S1 on duty.
South Sudan South Sudan - As of January 2018, there were an unknown number of 2S1 on duty.
Syria Syria - As of January 2018, an unknown number of 2S1 were on duty.
Chad Chad - There were 10 2S1 on duty in January 2018.
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan - There were 40 2S1 on duty in January 2018.
Ukraine Ukraine - As of January 2018, 238 2S1 were in service.
Uruguay Uruguay - As of January 2018, there were 6 2S1 on duty.
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan - As of January 2018, 18 2S1 were on duty.
Vietnam Vietnam - As of January 2018, there were an unknown number of 2S1 on duty.
Belarus Belarus - As of January 2018, there were 125 2S1 in service.

photos

Armenian 2S1 in Yerevan , 2017
Serbian 2S1, right rear view
Slovak 2S1, 2011
Play media file

Ukrainian 2S1 while firing, 2017

Web links

Commons : 2S1 Gwosdika - album with pictures, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 (English, January 2018).
^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 , pp. 194, 206 (English, January 2018, 150 2S1).
↑ Около 30 единиц современных образцов вооружения поступило в войска ЮВО в течение недели. In: Министерство обороны Российской Федерации. structure.mil.ru, April 17, 2019, accessed on April 19, 2019 (Russian, including a further 10 2S1s were put into service).

[MB2018-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 (English, January 2018).

[2] The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 , pp. 194, 206 (English, January 2018, 150 2S1).

[3] Около 30 единиц современных образцов вооружения поступило в войска ЮВО в течение недели. In: Министерство обороны Российской Федерации. structure.mil.ru, April 17, 2019, accessed on April 19, 2019 (Russian, including a further 10 2S1s were put into service).