420 dinghy
| Notation | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Boat dimensions | |
| Length above : | 4.20 m |
| Width above sea level : | 1.63 m |
| Freeboard : | approx. 0.4 m |
| Draft : | 0.97 m |
| Mast height : | 6.26 m |
| Weight (ready to sail): | 100 kg |
| Sail area | |
| Sail area close to the wind : | 10.25 m² |
| Mainsail : | 7.45 m² |
| Jib : | 2.8 m² |
| Spinnaker : | 9.0 m² |
| Others | |
| Rigging type: | Sloop |
| Yardstick number : | 115 (solitaire 120) |
| Class : | international |
The 420 is a two-man dinghy for young people and adults with a trapeze and spinnaker . The class designation is derived from the length of the sailboat.
history
A first prototype was sailed in 1959. In January 1960, production started at Lanaverre in France. Today the dinghy is built by different manufacturers ( Nautivela , Lenam , Baranowski , Mackay , East Wave and in Germany by Ziegelmayer ).
Since the introduction of the spinnaker and the trapeze in 1971, the construction of the boat has only changed in detail.
The recognition of the 420 by the IYRU (today's ISAF ) in 1971 and the international status associated with it strengthened the boom of the sailing dinghy.
hull
The hull of the 420 is a round bulkhead . From 2 bft , these are optimally driven only in a perfectly straight position, because then the maximum boat speed is reached. On the side of the cockpit are the round-shaped floats that are typical of the 420 and 470 , which serve as a seat and make the boat unsinkable . The building material is plastic / GRP with a thickness of a few millimeters, which is common in modern boat building.
Regatta and races
The 420 is used as a youth class in various countries. There are national and international competitions, in technical language regattas, under the care of the national class associations. The highlights of the season are the ISAF World Championships, the World and Youth European Championships organized by the international 420 association.
Until the 1970s, the 420 was also sailed single-handed - referred to as solitary (see laser, e.g. length 4.23). No jib is sailed and the mast is positioned about 20 centimeters further forward. Today it is unusual to sail the 420 one-handed, as in this case you have to do without a spinnaker and trapeze.
Distribution of tasks between the bow and helmsman
The distribution of tasks between the helmsman and the bowman corresponds to that of all classic two-handed systems: the helmsman has the task of steering the boat and operating the mainsail. When doing close-hauled courses, he must ensure that the boat is always on the edge of the wind and is optimally straight in the water. To do this, he opens the mainsail in a lot of wind. On space sheet courses, the helmsman has to pull up the spinnaker, operate the jib and take over the tactics. He is also responsible for the trimming devices for the boom vang, sword and spinnaker topnant.
The job of the bowman is to keep the boat upright by weight trimming and using the trapeze and to operate the jib on upwind courses. On space courses he dismantles and operates the spinnaker pole. He is responsible for the lower leech, cunningham straightener and jib cunningham trim devices.
