Micro (battery)
Micro , micro cell , AAA , AAA cell or IEC size R03 (not to be confused with size R3 with ⌀ 13.5 mm × 25.0 mm) are common names for a standardized, widespread size of batteries . They were invented by Samuel Ruben and Philip Rogers Mallory and introduced in 1964 under the Duracell brand . However, the company EVEREADY writes on its website that it invented this type of battery back in 1911.
These are cylindrical round cells with a diameter of 9.5 to 10.5 mm and a height of 43.3 to 44.5 mm ( only the two maximum values are mentioned in the IEC 60086-1 standard ). This results in a volume of about 3.5 to 3.8 cm³. Despite the identical structure, they should not be confused with the larger Mignon or AA cells. Microcells are produced with different electrochemical systems, which can differ significantly in nominal voltage , capacity , load capacity and structure. Depending on the system, other, often manufacturer-specific terms are used for non-rechargeable and rechargeable micro cells.
Micro cells are mainly used in small, often portable, electrical and electronic devices. Examples are cordless telephones , walkie-talkies , pagers , digital cameras , PDAs , MP3 players , computer mice , toys , flashlights , laser pointers , calculators , clocks and remote controls .
Type overview
| Electrochemical System |
Nominal voltage in ( V ) |
IEC | ANSI | Other designation | typical capacity in ( mAh ) |
typ. energy in ( Wh ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-rechargeable micro cells ( primary cells ) | ||||||
| Alkali manganese | 1.5 | LR03 | 24A, 24AC | AM4, AM-4, MN2400, MX2400, E92, X92, EN92, 4003, 4103, 4203, 4703, 4903 | 1200 | 1.8 |
| Zinc-carbon | 1.5 | R03 | 24D, 24F | UM4, UM-4, 1212, 3003, 3703 | 500 | 0.75 |
| Lithium iron sulfide | 1.5 | FR03 | 24LF | L92 | 1200 | 1.8 |
| Nickel oxyhydroxide | 1.7 | ZR03 | - | NX2400 | ||
| Primary Lithium CardPower (LI / IRON DI) | 1.5 | FR10G445 | ||||
| Rechargeable micro cells ( secondary cells ) | ||||||
| LSD nickel metal hydride | 1.2 | HR03 | 1.2H1 | 750 | 0.9 | |
| Nickel metal hydride | 1.2 | HR03 | 1.2H1 | 5303, 5603, 5703 | 1000 | 1.2 |
| Nickel-cadmium | 1.2 | KR03 | 1.2K1 | CH12,5003 | 500 | 0.6 |
| Nickel-zinc | 1.6 | 550 | 0.9 | |||
| Lithium-ion | 3.7 | 10440 | 450 | 1.7 | ||
See also
literature
- David Linden, Thomas B. Reddy (Eds.): Handbook of Batteries . 3. Edition. McGraw-Hill, New York 2002, ISBN 0-07-135978-8 (English).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tina Kaiser: Warren Buffett grabs the Duracell rabbit. Duracell was the first micro cell battery. In: welt.de. Die Welt , November 13, 2014, accessed November 27, 2014 .
- ↑ About EVEREADY®. In: eveready.com. Energizer Holding Inc, 2018, accessed July 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Hartwig Harm: Battery names and capacities ( Memento from July 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), PDF, accessed September 10, 2012