Abelisauroidea

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Abelisauroidea
Majungasaurus

Majungasaurus

Temporal occurrence
Middle Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous ( Aalen to Maastrichtian )
174.1 to 66 million years
Locations
Systematics
Dinosaur (dinosauria)
Lizard dinosaur (Saurischia)
Theropoda
Ceratosauria
Neoceratosauria
Abelisauroidea
Scientific name
Abelisauroidea
Novas , 1989
Velocisaurus , a member of the Noasauridae (reconstruction based largely on Masiakasaurus and Noasaurus )
Rajasaurus , a member of the Abelisauridae

The Abelisauroidea are a sub- taxon of the Ceratosauria within the theropod dinosaurs ( Theropoda ). They occur from the early Middle Jurassic ( Aalenian ) to the end of the Mesozoic ( Maastrichtian ).

The Abelisauroids are divided into two main groups: the Noasauridae and the Abelisauridae . They also include some basic (original) genera . Eoabelisaurus from the early Central Jurassic of Argentina is considered the oldest reliable representative of the Abelis auroids . The Berberosaurus from the Lower Jurassic ( Pliensbachium ) of Morocco , which is sometimes also classified as an Abelis auroid, could also be a very basic representative of the Ceratosauria and stand outside the Abelis auroid.

The Abelis auroids are particularly widespread in the Cretaceous region of the southern continents ( Gondwana ) and were important fauna elements of the terrestrial ecosystems there . Especially the Abelisauridae show clear parallels in terms of their physique to the tyrannosauroids widespread in the Cretaceous of the northern continents , for example gigantic stature, strongly shortened forelimbs and a strongly developed, anteroposteriorly oriented process at the distal end of the pubic foot, and apparently occupied their ecological niche as top predators on the southern continents . The Noasauridae, however, are built more originally. They are rather small, comparatively graceful and have relatively long front limbs. Abelis auroids are known on the northern continents almost exclusively from the French chalk ( Genusaurus , Arcovenator , Tarascosaurus ).

The Abelis auroids were a successful group until the end of the Cretaceous period, but then fell victim to the mass extinction on the Cretaceous-Tertiary border , along with many other Mesozoic life forms .

Systematics

In some cases there is disagreement about which Ceratosauria genera are to be classified among the Abelis auroids and which are not. For example, Berberosaurus from the Lower Jurassic Morocco and the Elaphrosaurus from the Upper Jurassic North America and Africa are not listed by all authors or only in some works as Abelis auroids. This has in part significant implications for the paleobiogeography and stratigraphic range of the group. For example, recognition of Berberosaurus as an Abelis auroid extends the group's stratigraphic range in the early Jurassic, and recognition of Elaphrosaurus extends the group's geographic range to North America. The following list is based on Carrano & Sampson (2008), supplemented by the taxa described below (see corresponding individual records). Taxa marked with an asterisk are only known from fragmentary material:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Data sheet of the Abelis auroid in the Paleobiology Database .
  2. ^ Gregory S. Paul : The Princeton Field Guide To Dinosaurs. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2010, ISBN 978-0-691-13720-9 , p. 78.
  3. ^ Thomas R. Holtz Jr .: Theropoda. In: Michael K. Brett-Surman, Thomas R. Holtz, James O. Farlow (Eds.): The Complete Dinosaur. 2nd Edition. Indiana University Press, Bloomington IN 2012, ISBN 978-0-253-35701-4 , p. 354.
  4. ↑ Federico L. Agnolin, Pablo Chiarelli: The position of the claws in Noasauridae (Dinosauria: Abelisauroidea) and its implications for abelisauroid manus evolution. In: Paleontological Journal. Volume 84, No. 2, 2010, pp. 293-300, doi: 10.1007 / s12542-009-0044-2
  5. ^ A b Matthew T. Carrano, Scott D. Sampson: The Phylogeny of Ceratosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda). In: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Volume 6, No. 2, 2008, ISSN  1477-2019 , pp. 183-236, doi: 10.1017 / S1477201907002246 .
  6. ^ A b Diego Pol, Oliver WM Rauhut : A Middle Jurassic abelisaurid from Patagonia and the early diversification of theropod dinosaurs. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society. Series B: Biological Sciences. Volume 279, No. 1741, 2012, pp. 3170-3175, doi: 10.1098 / rspb.2012.0660 (alternative full-text access : Researchgate ).
  7. ↑ Timothy Rowe , Ron Tykoski: Ceratosauria. In: Philip J. Currie , Kevin Padian (Eds.): Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, San Diego CA et al. 1997, ISBN 0-12-226810-5 , pp. 106 ff.
  8. ↑ The genus, which was still considered an ornithomimid at the time, was detected in the early 1980s using an isolated humerus in the Morrison formation , see Peter M. Galton : Elaphrosaurus , an ornithomimid dinosaur from the upper jurassic of north America and Africa. In: Paleontological Journal. Volume 56, No. 3/4, 1982, pp. 265-275, doi: 10.1007 / BF02988803 .
  9. ↑ Martín Ezcurra, Federico Agnolin, Fernando Novas : An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia. In: Zootaxa . No. 2450, 2010, pp. 1-25 (alternative full-text access: dinosaures-web.com ).
  10. Jump up ↑ Thierry Tortosa, Eric Buffetaut , Nicolas Vialle, Yves Dutour, Eric Turini, Gilles Cheylan: A new abelisaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of southern France: Palaeobiogeographical implications. In: Annales de Paléontologie. Volume 100, No. 1, 2014, pp. 63-86, doi: 10.1016 / j.annpal.2013.10.003 .
  11. ↑ Paul C. Sereno, Stephen L. Brusatte: Basal abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the Lower Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation of Niger. In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. Volume 53, No. 1, 2008, pp. 15-46, doi: 10.4202 / app.2008.0102 .
  12. ↑ Fernando E. Novas, Sankar Chatterjee , Dhiraj K. Rudra, PM Datta: Rahiolisaurus gujaratensis. n. gen. n. sp., A New Abelisaurid Theropod from the Late Cretaceous of India. In: Saswati Bandyopadhyay (Ed.): New Aspects of Mesozoic Biodiversity. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences. Volume 132, 2010, pp. 45-62, doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-10311-7_3 .
  13. ↑ Juan I. Canale, Carlos A. Scanferla, Federico L. Agnolin, Fernando E. Novas: New carnivorous dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of NW Patagonia and the evolution of abelisaurid theropods. In: The natural sciences . Volume 96, No. 3, 2009, pp. 409-414, doi: 10.1007 / s00114-008-0487-4 .
  14. ↑ In the first description of this taxon (Malkani, 2006) it is classified as Abelisauride. Carrano & Sampson (2008) cannot confirm an assignment to the Abelisauroids and only assume that it is at least one Ceratosaur. In a more recent publication, the first author classifies Vitakridrinda as "Vitakrisauridae abelisaurinan theropod" (M. Sadiq Malkani: Vitakridrinda (Vitakrisauridae, Theropoda) from the Latest Cretaceous of Pakistan). In: Journal of Earth Science. Volume 21, Supplementum to No. 1, 2010, pp. 204-212, doi: 10.1007 / s12583-010-0213-y ).