Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze

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The Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze ( Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL ) was founded in Verona in 1782 as a Società Italiana and scientific academy for all of Italy .

The founder was the mathematician and hydraulic engineer Antonio Maria Lorgna (1735–1796) and the founding members included Alessandro Volta , Lazzaro Spallanzani and Ruggero Boscovich (and soon afterwards Joseph-Louis Lagrange ). Since the membership was limited to 40, it was called Accademia dei XL or Accademia dei quaranta (XL is the Latin name for 40). In 1782 the first volume of her treatises (Memorie, later Rendiconti) appeared, since 1979 divided into a mathematical and a physical-scientific series.

The Academy is under the patronage of the President of the Italian Republic and promotes research in mathematics and natural sciences as well as the history of science.

The seat of the academy no longer follows the respective president as it used to be, but has been located on the grounds of Villa Torlonia in Rome since 2007, including the library .

The academy has 40 regular members and also former regular members (older than 70 years and at least 5 years regular member) as well as 25 foreign members.

The external members included Carl Friedrich Gauß , Antoine Lavoisier , Pierre-Simon de Laplace , Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon , Joseph Priestley , Joseph Banks , Wilhelm Herschel , Marie Jean Condorcet , Karl Wilhelm Scheele , Benjamin Franklin , Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers , Johann Elert Bode , Jérôme Lalande , Nevil Maskelyne , Humphry Davy , René-Just Haüy , Jean-Baptiste Delambre , Peter Pallas and Franz Xaver Zach .

The Academy awards various awards such as the Matteucci Medal , the Medaglia dei XL per la Matematica , a medal for physics / natural sciences and the Domenico Marotta Prize for Medicine.

Currently (2014) the members are Enrico Bombieri , Carlo Rubbia , Enrico Arbarello , Orazio Svelto , Ugo Amaldi , Luciano Maiani , Edoardo Vesentini , Giorgio Parisi and Corrado de Concini .

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