Accademia degli Incamminati

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Portrait of the Carraccis , from left to right Annibale, Ludovico and Agostino

The Accademia degli Incamminati (literal translation: Academy of the Newcomers ) was one of the first art academies in Italy , founded by the Carracci around 1582 in Bologna .

Foundation, history

The first academy for painting in Italy, the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno , was founded in Florence in 1563 on the advice of Giorgio Vasari . In the spirit of Leonardo da Vinci , she concentrated entirely on the study of the human body and its proportions as well as the artistic exploration of perspective. In 1577 the Accademia di San Luca was founded in Rome and in 1582, other sources speak of 1583, Bologna followed.

The three Carracci were born over a period of five years. The eldest, Ludovico , born in 1555, was the cousin of the brothers Agostino and Annibale Carracci . Despite the bitter rivalry between the long-established painters, the Carracci succeeded in bringing the young, up-and-coming artists in Bologna into their studio and trained them there through thorough instruction. The institution was first called the Accademia dei Desiderosi , the academy of those who “strive for / want to achieve progress”, or the school for those who strive for short . The later common name Accademia degli Incamminati can also be translated as “school of those who are set on the right path”, incamminare stands for: to set in motion, to break out. In later years Agostino's son Antonio Carracci , born around 1589, also joined.

The so-called "Carracci reform", the core of the teaching at the academy, wanted to overcome the rigid mannerism . A new orientation towards the Renaissance , especially Michelangelo , Raffael and Correggio, was propagated . At the same time, as in Florence and Rome, specific studies on nature were required and encouraged. The new style is characterized by powerful pathos and the combination of naturalism with classical ideality . The academy became the starting point of high baroque currents, from academicism to baroque classicism to decorative baroque - and the linchpin of the Bolognese school . The Carracci coined a new style in altar painting, determined by monumental simplification, and also influenced the baroque portrait, also the genre image and the grotesque. The effects of the baroque reforms reached as far as the landscape painting of a Poussin or Lorrain .

With the exception of the charismatic Ludovico, the Carracci all died at a young age, Agostino in 1602, Annibale in 1609 and Antonio in 1618.

The successor institution is the Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna, founded in 1710 .

Well-known members

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The institution is also known by two other names: the Accademia degli Carracci and the Accademia del Naturale , in deliberate contradiction to Mannerism.

literature

  • Cirici Pellicer: El barroquismo , Barcelona: Editorial Ramón Sopena 1963 (span.)
  • Claudio Strinati: Annibale Carracci , Firenze: Giunti Editore 2001, ISBN 88-09-02051-0 (ital.)

See also

Web links