Adansonia rubrostipa
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Adansonia rubrostipa |
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| Yeah & H.Perrier |
Adansonia rubrostipa is a species of baobab trees ( Adansonia ) in the subfamily of the woolen tree family (Bombacoideae) within the mallow family (Malvaceae). It is similar to Adansonia digitata , but is much smaller and has yellow flowers .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Adansonia rubrostipa are small, cylindrical to bottle-shaped deciduous trees with purple, smooth bark that reach heights of 4 to 12 meters (rarely up to 20 meters). The main branches of the irregularly shaped tree top almost always grow horizontally and have upright tips at the end. Fully grown leaves are hand-shaped, with three to five partial leaves and 3 to 7 centimeters long petioles . The bare, sessile partial leaves are lanceolate-ovate, usually 4 to 6, rarely 8 to 13 inches long and 1.2 to 2 inches wide. The leaf margin is serrated.
blossoms
The flowers stand individually upright in the leaf axils at the ends of the branches. The green flower stalks are 1 to 2.5 cm long. The hermaphroditic, radial symmetry , large, showy, fragrant flowers are five-fold and 16 to 28 cm long. Its five yellowish green sepals , 15 to 25 centimeters long and 0.7 to 1.2 centimeters wide, have grown together to form a short-tube calyx with reddish stripes on the outside. The five free, linear to wide petals overlap at their base, are light yellow to orange-yellow and 12 to 15 inches long and 1.5 to 2.5 inches wide. The numerous stamens are fused to form a 5 to 10 cm long tube with 5 to 8 cm long tips. The approximately 7.5 mm long ovary has golden hair. The pink style is 20 to 25 cm long, has hairs at the base and fits snugly into the stamen. The first red and later blackish discoloration consists of five to eight unequal, spread out lobes.
The flowering period extends from February to April (rarely until June). The flowers are from enthusiasts Coelonia solanii pollinated.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits , which ripen in October / November, are spherical to elongated, with a 4 to 5 millimeter thick pericarp and a dense reddish-brown indumentum . They contain numerous kidney-shaped, laterally flattened seeds that are up to 16 millimeters long, 12 millimeters wide and 8 millimeters thick.
The seeds have an oil content of 11 percent. The fatty acids are made up of 30 percent palmitic acid , 2 percent stearic acid , 30 percent oleic acid and 23 percent linoleic acid . There are also other rare fatty acids.
Distribution, number of chromosomes and systematics
Adansonia rubrostipa is endemic to Madagascar on the west coast from Itampolo to Soalala . It thrives in the thorn forests on well-drained, calcareous soils and karst limestone.
The chromosome number is .
Synonyms for the species are Adansonia fony Baill. ex H.Perrier , Adansonia fony var. fony Baill. ex H.Perrier and Adansonia fony var. rubrostipa Jum. & H.Perrier .
Botanical history
The first illustrations of an Adansonia species in Madagascar can be found on plates 62 and 63 by Johann Theodor de Brys Indiae Orientalis from 1605. They can be clearly assigned to Adansonia rubrostipa .
A first description was made in 1890 by Henri Ernest Baillon , who gave the provisional name Adansonia fony . A valid description under this name was not given until 1952 by Henry Perrier de la Bâthie . Henry Perrier de la Bâthie had already described the species as Adansonia rubrostipa together with Henri Lucien Jumelle in 1909 , which means that this name takes precedence over Adansonia fony .
use
Although Adansonia rubrostipa has edible fruits, seeds and roots, extensive use in Madagascar is not known. Occasionally the fruits in Toliara are offered in the market. The wood from trees that fell victim to fire is used to cover roofs.
Danger
Adansonia rubrostipa is classified as " Near Threatened (NT) " in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
proof
literature
- David A. Baum: The Comparative Pollination and Floral Biology of Baobabs (Adansonia-Bombacaceae) . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden . Volume 82, No. 2, 1995, pp. 322-348
- David A. Baum: A Systematic Revision of Adansonia (Bombacaceae) . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden . Volume 82, No. 3, 1995, pp. 440-471
- CC Walker: Adansonia . In: Urs Eggli (Ed.): Sukkulentenlexikon Volume 2 Dicotyledonous plants (dicotyledons) with the exception of Aizoaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Cactaceae and Crassulaceae . Eugen Ulmer Verlag: Stuttgart 2002. ISBN 3-8001-3915-4
Individual evidence
- ↑ B. Ambrose-Oji, N. Mughogho: Adansonia rubrostipa Jum. & H.Perrier In: van der Vossen, HAM & Mkamilo, GS (Editors). PROTA 14: Vegetable oils / Oléagineux. [CD-ROM]. PROTA, Wageningen 2007; Retrieved July 18, 2008.
- ^ Friedemann Berger (editor): De Bry: India Orientalis. 1st part . Gustav Kiepenheuer: Leipzig and Weimar 1979
- ^ Henri Ernest Baillon: Sur le Baobabs de Madagascar . In: Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris . Volume 2, p. 845, Paris 1890
- ^ Henry Perrier de la Bâthie: Adansonia de Madagascar. Clef et diagnoes . In: Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie Volume 14, pp. 300-304, Paris 1952
- ^ Henri Lucien Jumelle, Henry Perrier de la Bâthie: Les baobabs du nord-oust de Madagascar . In: Les Matières Grasses . January 1909, pp. 1306-1308.
- ^ World Conservation Monitoring Center 1998. Adansonia rubrostipa . In: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . IUCN 2007, accessed May 15, 2008.
