Adolf Busemann (psychologist)

Adolf Hermann Heinrich Busemann (born May 15, 1887 in Emden , † June 5, 1967 in Marburg ) was a German educator and psychologist.

Life

Adolf Busemann. Son of the preparation teacher Libertus Busemann in Emden, attended high school in Northeim and studied psychology and other subjects in Göttingen from 1906–1910. After the examination for the higher teaching post he worked as a teacher in Essen, Frankenberg (Eder) and Bederkesa . In between he was in the Landsturm in 1917/18 . 1922-25 he worked first as a senior teacher, then as a seminar student counselor in Einbeck and was put into temporary retirement due to the dissolution of the teachers' seminar . In 1924 he received his doctorate in Göttingen at Narcissus Oh Dr. phil., moved to Greifswald in 1925about, where he completed his habilitation in 1926 and became active in the youth movement St. Georg . Until 1928 he was a private lecturer at the Medical Faculty in Greifswald and subsequently taught as a professor at the Pedagogical Academy in Rostock 1928/29, Breslau 1929–31 and Kiel 1931/32. From 1932 he was again a private lecturer in Greifswald and was transferred to the post of elementary school teacher in 1934 due to the law to restore the professional civil service . He was a member of the SPD from 1923 to 1932. Leave of absence in the winter semester 1934/35 and in the summer semester 1935; 1935 abandonment of the Venia legendi. In 1937 he was transferred into permanent retirement for health reasons. Busemann moved to Marburg, was a personnel appraiser for the army from 1940, retired from active military service in 1942 and worked as a psychologist at the hospital for brain injuries in Marburg. After the war, he held courses in psychology at the University of Marburg from the winter semester 1945/46 to the summer semester 1948 and taught until 1954 as part of the “courses for the training of special school teachers” in Marburg.

• Dr. med. hc (Marburg), corresponding member of the German Association for Youth Psychiatry.

Busemann's importance for quantitative linguistics

Many of the topics in Busemann's life's work have received a not inconsiderable response in science to this day. In quantitative linguistics , the so-called action quotient (Busemann 1925; 1948: 116, 139), which puts the number of verbs and adjectives in a text in relation to one another, has been taken up several times; a text in which the verbs predominate is considered active and a text with more adjectives than verbs than descriptive. A discussion of the problems of the action quotient and suggestions for an improvement can be found in Altmann (1978; 1988: 18ff.), A further treatment in Altmann & Altmann (2005: 86–88). Tuldava (2005: 371, 376f.) Places Busemann's work in the history of research and discusses the work of his successors. Other noteworthy topics are the development of word length (Busemann 1925) and adjective use (Busemann 1926) with age; one can show that these processes proceed according to Piotrowski's law (Best 2006: 43, 2008: 125).

Works by Busemann

• About the categorical-emotional rhythm of youth . Dissertation, Göttingen 1925
• The language of youth as an expression of the rhythm of development. Language statistical studies . Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena 1925. (Extension of the dissertation) Partial print in: Hermann Helmers (Hrsg.): To the language of the child . Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt: 1969, pp. 1-59.
• The youth in their own judgment: an investigation into youth studies . Beltz, Langensalza 1926.
• Educational environment customer. I. Introduction to the general environment and the pedagogical typology of the environment . Schroedel, Halle / Saale 1927.
• The sex life of youth and its upbringing: Lectures in a community college. German publishing company, Berlin 1929.
• Introduction to educational youth studies . Diesterweg, Frankfurt 1931.
• Educational psychology in outline . Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1932.
• About basic terms in child and adolescent psychology . In: Acta Psychologia I, 1936, pp. 49-64.
• Introduction to educational youth studies . 2nd, modified edition. Kompass-Verlag, Oberursel 1948.
• The unity of psychology and the problem of the micropsychic . Klett, Stuttgart 1948.
• Style and character. Studies on the psychology of the individual speech form . Westkulturverlag Anton Hain, Meisenheim / Glan 1948.
• Higher talent: preliminary thoughts on the selection of the talented. Aloys Henn Verlag, Ratingen 1949.
• Introduction to educational youth studies . Third expanded edition. Diesterweg, Frankfurt / Bonn 1950.
• Security and uprooting of young people: Contributions to the curative educational task of our time. Aloys Henn Verlag, Ratingen 1951.
• Years of crisis in the course of human youth . Aloys Henn Verlag, Ratingen 1953.
• Badge test: with four templates . Hogrefe, Göttingen 1955.
• The enumeration test (AZT). Investigations into the world of experience of healthy and neurotic children . Ernst Reinhardt Verlag, Munich / Basel 1955.
• Contributions to the educational milieu customer from thirty years . Schroedel, Berlin a. a. 1956.
• Educational youth studies. An introduction . 5th edition. Diesterweg, Berlin / Bonn 1959.
• Psychology of the intelligence defects with special consideration of the debility in need of secondary schools. Ernst Reinhardt Verlag, Munich / Basel 1959.
• Security and uprooting of the young person. Contributions to socio-educational tasks of our time . 3rd unchanged edition. Aloys Henn Verlag, Ratingen 1963.
• Weltanschauung from a psychological point of view. A contribution to the teaching of man . Ernst Reinhardt Verlag, Munich / Basel 1967.

Biographical information on Busemann

• Adolf Busemann 70 years old . In: Education and Upbringing 10, 1957, no. 6, pp. 370–371
• Jan van Dieken: Professor Adolf Busemann . In: Friesische Blätter , Episode 9, September 1968, 5th year
• Hildegard Hetzer: On the 80th birthday of Professor Dr. Adolf Busemann. Researchers and teachers serving children at risk and disabled. In: Lebenshilfe 6, 1967, no. 3, pp. 113–114
• Werner Buchholz (Hrsg.): Lexicon Greifswald University Lecturers 1775-2006. Vol. 3: Lexicon of Greifswald University Lecturers 1907-1932 . Belt processor: Meinrad Welker. Bock, Bad Honnef 2004

Further literature

• Gabriel Altmann : On the use of the quotient in text analysis . In: Gabriel Altmann (ed.): Glottometrika 1. Brockmeyer, Bochum 1978, pp. 91-106. ISBN 3-88339-030-5
• Gabriel Altmann: Repetitions in Texts . Brockmeyer, Bochum 1988. ISBN 3-88339-663-X
• Vivien Altmann, & Gabriel Altmann: Erlkönig and mathematics . 2005. (online) . In the meantime published as a book: Vivien Altmann, & Gabriel Altmann: Instructions for quantitative text analysis. Methods and Applications. RAM-Verlag, Lüdenscheid 2008. ISBN 978-3-9802659-5-9 . On Busemann's action quotient, pp. 104–107.
• Karl-Heinz Best : Laws in first language acquisition . In: Glottometrics 12, 2006, pp. 39–54 (PDF full text ).
• Karl-Heinz Best: Adolf Busemann (1887-1967). In: Glottometrics 16, 2008, pp. 124–127 (PDF full text ). (Reprinted in: Karl-Heinz Best (Ed.): Studies on the History of Quantitative Linguistics. Volume 1. RAM-Verlag, Lüdenscheid 2015, pages 30–34. ISBN 978-3-942303-30-9 .)
• Kabaum, Marcel: Milieu theory of German pedagogues (1926-1933). Pedagogical sociology with Walter Popp, Adolf Busemann and Max Slawinsky. Ergon, Würzburg 2013. ISBN 978-3-89913-948-8
• Juhan Tuldava: Stylistics, author identification . In: Reinhard Köhler, Gabriel Altmann, & Rajmund Piotrowski (eds.): Quantitative Linguistics - Quantitative Linguistics. An international manual. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, pp. 368–387. ISBN 978-3-11-015578-5

Individual evidence

1. ↑ All information is based on the publications that are named under "Biographisches zu Busemann". Main source: Buchholz 2004.
2. ↑ Die Zeit, Hamburg, Germany: on the classification of H. Hetzer: Mirjam Gebhardt names her under the heading: "The hostility to children is a tradition in this country", the author of a "poison book" in the Nazi era: "Mental hygiene" . Zeit.de. July 14, 2005. Retrieved July 18, 2010.