Adriatic sturgeon

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Adriatic sturgeon
Two young Adriatic sturgeon. In the picture there are also several young sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus), which can attach themselves to the sturgeon in an ectoparasitic manner.

Two young Adriatic sturgeon.

In the picture there are also several young sea ​​lampreys ( Petromyzon marinus ), which can attach themselves to the sturgeon in an ectoparasitic manner.

Systematics
Class : Ray fins (Actinopterygii)
Subclass : Cartilage organoids (chondrostei)
Order : Sturgeon (Acipenseriformes)
Family : Sturgeon (Acipenseridae)
Genre : Acipenser
Type : Adriatic sturgeon
Scientific name
Acipenser naccarii
Bonaparte , 1836

The Adriatic sturgeon ( Acipenser naccarii ) is a species from the genus of the sturgeon ( Acipenser ) that occurs only in the Adriatic . The name is reminiscent of the Italian naturalist Fortunato Luigi Naccari , who among other things published an ichthyology of the Adriatic ( Ittologia adriatica ) in 1822 .

features

The species has 11–14 back shields, 32–42 side shields, which are close to each other and more than twice as high as they are wide, and 8–11 ventral shields. The snout is ossified on the top and rounded or conical in front. The round, rather long beard threads are fringed and are closer to the tip of the snout than to the mouth; when put back they do not reach the edge of the mouth. The color of the back of this sturgeon varies from yellow to ocher and brown to blackish, depending on where it is. The ventral side, like the large bone shields, is yellowish to dirty white. The maximum length of this sturgeon is 200 cm, but mostly only 100 to 150 cm are reached.

Occurrence

The Adriatic sturgeon is found in the Adriatic coastal region of Albania , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Greece , Italy , Montenegro and Slovenia . From there it rises into the large rivers of the northern Italian lowlands ( Po , Etsch and Tagliamento ) during spawning time .

Way of life

Little is known about the biology of this anomalous migratory fish . It used to rise up to the upper reaches of the great Adriatic tributaries to spawn there at the spawning season from April to May at deep, heavily flooded sand and gravel spots. Due to the pollution and the obstructions in the spawning waters, the species has become rare today, and spawning ascents rarely take place.

Hazard and protection

According to the Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN Red List) is Acipenser naccarii threatened with extinction Italy and died in the Balkans (as of October 2009).

The Adriatic sturgeon is listed as a priority species by the European Union in Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive and is therefore a species of community interest to be strictly protected, for whose preservation special protection areas must be designated by the member states.

literature

  • Gunter Steinbach (Ed.): Freshwater fish . Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1984.

Web links

Commons : Adriatic sturgeon ( Acipenser naccarii )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See for example Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino, Pontevecchio di Magenta (MI): Action Plan per la gestione di Acipenser naccarii, dei suoi siti riproduttivi e della pesca, 2006, p. 13. Online (PDF file; 7.10 MB). As a contemporary source for the name and synonym A. heckelii : Biblioteca italiana, o sia Giornale di letteratura, scienze ed arti, Volume 90, 1838, p. 253. Online .
  2. ↑ GM Costantini:  Naccari, Fortunato Luigi (1793-1860), a scientist. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 7, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 14.
  3. ↑ Acipenser naccarii in the IUCN Red List