Acipenser

Acipenser
Sterlet ( Acipenser ruthenus )
Systematics
Superclass : Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata) Class : Ray fins (Actinopterygii) Subclass : Cartilage organoids (chondrostei) Order : Sturgeon (Acipenseriformes) Family : Sturgeon (Acipenseridae) Genre : Acipenser
Scientific name
Acipenser
Linnaeus , 1758

Acipenser is the species-richest fish genus from the family of sturgeon (Acipenseridae).

features

Acipenser are typical sturgeon with elongated physique, heterocercial caudal fin and five rows of bone shields along the body. In contrast to the shovel sturgeon, the head is not enlarged and the bone plates never completely enclose the tail stalk. In contrast to the Hausen ( Huso ), the mouth is round in cross-section and open at the bottom and is relatively small. The barbels are rounded.

species

The number of species that are differentiated within the genus Acipenser varies between different authors. The great rarity of many species and the possibility of hybridization between species make precise studies difficult. Generally recognized, for example at Fishbase and the IUCN, are the 17 following species. In some cases, Acipenser colchicus is recognized as an additional species , for example by the Encyclopedia of Life and Fauna Europaea . This species is considered by other authors to be conspecific with the Russian sturgeon ( Acipenser gueldenstaedti ). ITIS lists a total of 21 species, of which Acipenser mikadoi is missing, while Acipenser multiscutatus (according to Fishbase Acipenser schrenckii ) and Acipenser kikuchii (according to Fishbase Acipenser sinensis ) are added, while Acipenser albertensis , Acipenser ornatus and Acipenser toliapicus are fossil species.

German name	Scientific name	distribution	Hazard level Red List of IUCN	Remarks	image
Siberian sturgeon	Acipenser baeri Brandt , 1869	Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia	( Endangered - endangered)	up to 2 meters in length
Short-nosed sturgeon	Acipenser brevirostrum Lesueur , 1818	Coastal rivers of eastern North America	( Vulnerable - endangered)	up to 1.3 meters in length
Yangtze sturgeon	Acipenser dabryanus Duméril , 1869	endemic to the Yangtze	( Critically Endangered )	up to 1.3 meters in length
Sea sturgeon	Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque , 1817	Saint Lawrence River , Mississippi River and adjacent waters	( Least Concern - not at risk)	up to 2.5 meters in length
Russian sturgeon or wax thick	Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg , 1833	Black Sea , Sea of ​​Azov , Caspian Sea and adjacent waters	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2 meters in length
Green sturgeon	Acipenser medirostris Ayres , 1854	North American Pacific Coast	( Near Threatened - potentially endangered, warning list)	up to 2.5 meters in length
Sakhalin sturgeon	Acipenser mikadoi Hilgendorf , 1892	Russian Pacific Coast, Japan	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2 meters in length
Adriatic sturgeon	Acipenser naccarii Bonaparte , 1836	the Adrian Sea	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2 meters in length
Smooth thick	Acipenser nudiventris Lovetzky , 1828	Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Aral Sea	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2 meters in length
Atlantic sturgeon	Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchell , 1815	North American Atlantic coast	( Near Threatened - potentially endangered, warning list)	up to 3 meters in length
Persian sturgeon	Acipenser persicus Borodin , 1897	Caspian Sea	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2.4 meters in length
Sterlet	Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus , 1758	Tributaries of the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas	( Vulnerable - endangered)	up to 1 meter in length, smallest Acipenser type
Amur sturgeon	Acipenser schrenckii Brandt , 1869	endemic to the Amur	( Critically Endangered )	up to 3 meters in length
Chinese sturgeon	Acipenser sinensis J. E. Gray , 1835	China Sea and adjacent waters	( Critically Endangered )	up to 6 meters in length, largest Acipenser species
Sternhausen	Acipenser stellatus Pallas , 1771	Black, Azov and Caspian Seas	( Critically Endangered )	up to 2.2 meters in length
European sturgeon	Acipenser sturio Linnaeus , 1758	European Atlantic coast, Mediterranean and Black Sea	( Critically Endangered )	up to 3 meters in length
White sturgeon	Acipenser transmontanus Richardson , 1836	North American Pacific Coast	( Least Concern - not at risk)	up to 5.5 meters in length

Web links

Commons : Acipenser  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Acipenser on Fishbase.org (English)

literature

• Vadim J. Birstein, William E. Bemis: How many species are there within the genus Acipenser? In: Environmental Biology of Fishes . tape 48 , 1997, pp. 157-163 (English).
• Minister of Supply and Services Canada: CITES Identification Guide - Sturgeons and Paddlefish: Guide to the Identification of Sturgeon and Paddlefish Species Controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora . Wildlife Enforcement and Intelligence Division, Environment Canada, 2001, ISBN 0-660-61641-6 (English, French, English, ineris.fr [PDF; 10.9 MB ] full text).
• Günther Sterba: The world's freshwater fish . 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 , p. 25 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ List of species of sturgeon at Fishbase
2. ^ Vadim J. Birstein, William E. Bemis: How many species are there within the genus Acipenser? In: Environmental Biology of Fishes . tape 48 , 1997, pp. 157-163 (English).
3. ^ Acipenser at the Encyclopedia of Life
4. ↑ Acipenser colchicus in Fauna Europaea
5. ↑ Maurice Kottelat, Jörg Freyhof: Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes . Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-2-8399-0298-4 , pp. 50-51 .
6. ^ Entry on Acipenser at ITIS
7. ↑ Acipenser baerii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Ruban, G. & Bin Zhu, 2009. Accessed November 11, 2012th
8. ↑ Acipenser brevirostrum in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Friedland, KD, 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012th
9. ↑ Acipenser dabryanus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016.3. Listed by: Qiwei, W, 2010. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
10. ↑ Acipenser fulvescens in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: St. Pierre, R. & Runstrom, A., 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012th
11. ↑ Acipenser gueldenstaedtii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010 Posted by: J. Gesner, J. & M. Freyhof Kottelat, 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
12. ↑ Acipenser medirostris in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: St. Pierre, R. & Campbell, RR, 2006. Accessed November 11, 2012th
13. ↑ Acipenser mikadoi in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Mugue, N., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
14. ↑ Acipenser naccarii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: Bronzi, P., Congiu, L., Rossi, R., Zerunian, S. & Arlati, G., 2011. Accessed November 11, 2012th
15. ↑ Acipenser nudiventris in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Gesner, J., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
16. ↑ Acipenser oxyrinchus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: R. St. Pierre, FM Parauka, 2006. Accessed November 11, 2012th
17. ↑ Acipenser persicus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Gesner, J., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
18. ↑ Acipenser ruthenus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Gesner, J., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
19. ↑ Acipenser schrenckii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Ruban, G. & Qiwei, W., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
20. ↑ Acipenser sinensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Qiwei, W., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
21. ↑ Acipenser stellatus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Qiwei, W., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
22. ↑ Acipenser sturio in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Gesner, J., Williot, P., Rochard, E., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M., 2010. Accessed November 11, 2012th
23. ↑ Acipenser transmontanus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Duke, S., Down, T., Ptolemy, J. Hammond, J. & Spence, C., 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012th