Siberian sturgeon
| Siberian sturgeon | ||||||||||||
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Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Acipenser baerii | ||||||||||||
| Brandt , 1869 |
The Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ) is a species of fish from the family of the sturgeon (Acipenseridae) that occurs in Russian Siberia and in northern Kazakhstan , Mongolia and China . As a valuable edible fish and caviar producer , the species is also grown in aquaculture in other countries , with accidental releases in some cases.
features
Siberian sturgeon have the typical elongated body of all sturgeon with a pointed snout, five rows of bone plates along the trunk, dorsal fin set far back and a heterocerker caudal fin . The animals normally reach a length of 80 to 140 centimeters and a weight of around 65 kilograms. The largest known animals were about two meters long and weighed up to 210 kilograms. The coloration is very variable and ranges from light gray to dark brown on the back and flanks. The belly is white to yellowish. The snout is conical and elongated differently depending on the population. While the animals from the Lena have relatively long snouts, they are shorter in the animals from the Ob and Lake Baikal . The four barbels in front of the lower mouth have no fringes. The lower lip is broken. The dorsal row consists of 10 to 20 plates, none of which are behind the dorsal fin. The lateral rows consist of 32 to 62 plates, the rows on the belly of 7 to 16. Between the anus and the anal fin there are one to three small plates, behind the anal fin there are none. The dorsal fin has 30 to 56 rays , the anal fin 17 to 33. The 20 to 49 gill spines are fan-shaped and end in tubercles .
Occurrence
The species inhabits deep areas of large rivers and lakes with medium to strong currents. It occurs in Russia, Kazakhstan and Mongolia in all river systems that flow into the Kara Strait , the Laptev Sea or the East Siberian Sea , with the largest occurrences in Ob , Lena and Yenisei . The species also lives in Lake Baikal and its tributaries. The natural population in the Irtysh in northern China has been exterminated, smaller populations are preserved through stocking. In France, Germany, Italy and Russia, Siberian sturgeon were sometimes accidentally or intentionally released into the wild.
Way of life
Siberian sturgeon feed mainly on animals living on the ground, especially crustaceans and mosquito larvae . The males become sexually mature at 11 to 24, the females at 20 to 28 years of age, except for the population in the Lena, where sexual maturity is reached at 9 to 10 or 11 to 12 years. Some of the fish migrate up to 3000 kilometers upstream to spawn , while other animals do not migrate to reproduce. The spawning migration begins in autumn, while the egg-laying takes place from May to June. The eggs are laid on gravel or sandy soil in high-flow areas of the main stream. Males breed every two to three years, females every three to five years. Siberian sturgeon can reach an age of around 60 years.
swell
- Maurice Kottelat, Jörg Freyhof: Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes . Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-2-8399-0298-4 , pp. 50 .
- Siberian sturgeon page from the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO )
- Data sheet on the Siberian sturgeon at CITES (PDF; 102 kB) (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Minister of Supply and Services Canada: CITES Identification Guide - Sturgeons and Paddlefish: Guide to the Identification of Sturgeon and Paddlefish Species Controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora . Wildlife Enforcement and Intelligence Division, Environment Canada, 2001, ISBN 0-660-61641-6 (English, French, Spanish).
- ↑ Acipenser baerii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Ruban, G. & Bin Zhu, 2009. Retrieved on 10 September, 2010.
Web links
- Siberian sturgeon on Fishbase.org (English)