Accommodation (religion)

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Under missionary accommodation or adaptation refers to the adaptation of a by Mission newly introduced religion to the encountered social relations. In Protestant theology, the term rooting was often used for this . From 1975 the term “ inculturation ” began to gain acceptance , also because of its similarity to the word incarnation .

Accommodation can be adapted to the external forms of life (clothing, food, dwelling), to the language (use of the national language or a cult language such as Latin ), to aesthetics and art (architecture, painting, music), to social habits and Legal norms or the philosophical-religious way of thinking.

In the Christian mission , the Church in antiquity largely adopted the customs of that time; In research, the term Germanization of Christianity was discussed. In the Middle Ages , many customs found during the mission were replaced by Christian customs. In the course of time there was a growing tendency to standardize religious forms in all peoples. Theology was built on the Greek Aristotelian philosophy through scholasticism . This fixation caused the greatest problems in proselytizing in modern times .

In the Roman Catholic Church , from the second half of the 16th century , the Jesuit mission in the empires of China ( Matteo Ricci , Johann Adam Schall von Bell ) and India ( Roberto de Nobili ) was most generous in adapting to existing customs. Since other mission orders such as Dominicans , Franciscans and Augustinians largely rejected accommodation, a rite dispute arose . Pope Benedict XIV decided against the Jesuits in 1742 and 1744 .

See also

literature

  • Johannes Bettray : The method of accommodation of P. Matteo Ricci SJ. in China. Universita Gregoriana , Rome 1955 ( Analecta Gregoriana. Series Facultatis Missiologicae. Sectio B, 76, 1, ZDB -ID 1140510-7 ).
  • Basil's double field : a god of all people. Published by monks of the Münsterschwarzach Abbey, Vier-Türme, Münsterschwarzach 1991, ISBN 978-3-87868-425-1 (= Münsterschwarzacher Kleinschrift , volume 65).
  • Monika Gänßbauer (Ed.): Being a Christian in China. Chinese voices from church and research. Evangelical Mission in Germany, Hamburg 2000, ISSN  1436-2058 (= Blue Series , Volume 6).
  • Klaus Gantert: Accommodation and inscribed commentary. Investigations into the transmission strategy of the Heliand poet. Narr, Tübingen 1998 ISBN 3-8233-5421-3 (= ScriptOralia 111, also dissertation at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau 1997) Google books .
  • Paulus Gordan (ed.): Gospel and inculturation. (1492-1992). Styria, Graz et al. 1993, ISBN 3-222-12193-1 .
  • Andreas Lienkamp , Christoph Lienkamp (eds.): The “identity” of faith in cultures. The inculturation paradigm put to the test. Echter, Würzburg 1997, ISBN 3-429-01922-2 .
  • Monika Pankoke-Schenk, Georg Evers (Ed.): Inculturation and Contextuality. Theologies in global exchange . Festival ceremony for Ludwig Bertsch on his 65th birthday. Knecht, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7820-0705-0
  • Walter Puchner : Accommodation issues. Individual examples on the pagan background of elements of the early church and medieval sacred tradition and popular piety. tuduv, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-88073-556-5 (= cultural-historical research , volume 23).