Ala I Gallorum Atectorigiana

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The Ala I Gallorum Atectorigiana [Antoniniana] [Severiana] ( German  1. Ala the Gauls of Atectorix [the Antoninian] [the Severian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Gallorum : the Gaul . The soldiers of the Ala were probably recruited from the Gallic tribe of the Pictones when the unit was formed .
  • Atectorigiana : of the Atectorix. One of the first commanders was believed to be a Picton noble named Atectorix . In the inscription ( CIL 3, 6154 ) the variant Atectorum occurs.
  • Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorific designation that refers to Caracalla (211-217) or Elagabal (218-222). The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 2010, 1419 ).
  • Severiana : the Severian. An honorary title that refers to Severus Alexander (222-235). The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 3, 6154 ).

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was probably set up under Augustus, possibly already under Caesar. Nothing is known about their early history. She was stationed in the provinces of Moesia inferior and Dacia inferior . The Ala is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 92-157.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia inferior is based on a military diploma dated to 92. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 97 to 157, prove unity in the same province.

For a short time the Ala was stationed in the province of Dacia Inferior . Two diplomas, dated 122, prove the unity in the province as part of the troops stationed there (see Roman forces in Dacia ).

The diplomas from 151 to 156 show that the Ala was temporarily transferred from Moesia inferior to the province of Mauretania Caesariensis and then to Mauretania Tingitana in order to take part in the suppression of an uprising. But since the diploma of 154 proves that soldiers of the unit were also released in Moesia inferior this year , only part of the Ala, a vexillation , can have been relocated.

After 150 a division of the unit was stationed in the Crimea . The inscription ( AE 1995, 1351 ), dated 151/230, was found in Balaklava .

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( CIL 3, 6154 ) which is dated to 224.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Moesia inferior were possibly:

  • Appiaria : The inscriptions of Aemilius Rufinus and Titus Flavius ​​Marcianus were found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

  • [] lvius Futianus Sa []: he is named on the diploma of 140 as the commander of the Ala.
  • Aemilius Rufinus, a prefect
  • Flavius ​​[]: he is named on the diploma of 154 as commander of the Ala.
  • T (itus) Fl (avius) Marcianus, a prefect ( CIL 3, 12452 )

Others

  • C (aius) Iulius Macer, a duplicarius (around 15/40) ( CIL 13, 1041 )
  • C (aius) Valerius Maximus, a Decurio ( CIL 6, 33032 )
  • Celsus, a Decurio (around 150/230) ( AE 1995, 1351 )
  • Flavius, a soldier: the diploma of 154 was issued to him.
  • Fl (avius) Severianus, a Decurio (around 224) ( CIL 3, 6154 )
  • [Fa] bius, a soldier: the diploma of 140 was issued to him.
  • Iul (ius) Vale (n) s, a horseman ( AE 1995, 1351 )
  • Macedo, a veteran and former Decurio (around 211/222) ( AE 2010, 1419 )

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan : An Auxiliary / Fleet Diploma of Moesia Inferior: 127 August 20 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 118 (1997), pp. 287-299, pp. 290-291 ( PDF pp. 6-7 ).
  2. ^ A b John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 48-49.
  3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166 table 9 ( PDF p. 168 ).
  4. ↑ a b Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 267 ( online ).
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 92 ( ZPE-148-269 ), 97 ( RMD 5, 337 ), 99 ( ZPE-192-215 ), 105 ( RMM 10 ), 116 ( AE 2006, 1863 ), 120 ( AE 2009, 1808 ), 122 ( AE 2007, 1759 , RMM 20 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 241 , ZPE-165-232 ), 130/140 ( ZPE-192-230 ), 138/142 ( RMD 4, 265 ), 138 / 161 ( AMNap-2015-78 ), 140 ( AE 2008, 1724 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 146 ( AE 2007, 1233 , RMD 4, 270 ), 147/160 ( ZPE-190-305 ), 152 / 153 ( ZPE-199-187 ), 154 ( AE 2009, 1817 ), 156 ( AE 2006, 1213 ) and 157 ( RMD 1, 50 ).
  6. ↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl, Paul Holder: A constitution from the year 152 or 153 for Lower Saxony and British troops, delegated to Mauretania Tingitana In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. Volume 199 (2016), pp. 187-201, here pp. 191, 195-196.
  7. ↑ a b Nicolay Sharankov: An Overlooked Inscription of Ala I Atectorigiana from Appiaria. In: Archaeologia Bulgarica 3 (2016), pp. 33–40, here pp. 36–38 ( online ).