Alexander Baron Engelhardt

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Alexander Baron Engelhardt
Grave of Alexander Baron Engelhardt in the main cemetery in Marburg (2017)

Alexander Baron von Engelhardt (May 22nd . Jul / 3. June  1885 greg. In Allenküll , Governorate of Estonia ; † 26. May 1960 in Marburg ) was a Baltic German physician and medical historian. For several decades he devoted himself to preserving the memory of Emil von Behring and securing the estate of the first Nobel laureate in medicine in Marburg.

Life

Engelhardt initially received private lessons. From autumn 1901 he attended the classical high school of Emperor Alexander I in Reval . There he passed the final exam in 1906. From autumn 1906 he studied medicine at the University of Dorpat . He became a member of the Baltic Corporation Estonia Dorpat .

In the summer semester of 1910 he moved to the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . She received his doctorate in 1912 as Dr. med. After he had passed the Russian state examination in Moscow in the same year , he was a pediatrician in Moscow for two years. During World War I he served as a military doctor in the Imperial Russian Army . 1918/19 doctor at the Riga City Hospital . He went to Germany in 1919 and was a factory doctor in Worms from 1920 to 1923 . In 1923 he passed the German State Medical Examination at the Hessian Ludwig University in Gießen.

From 1923 to 1958 he was scientific secretary of the Behring works . The Philipps University of Marburg gave him a lectureship in the history of medicine , initially on behalf of Hans-Ulrich Rosemann (WS 1941/42 – WS 1944/45, SS 1950, WS 1951 / 52–1953). As an honorary professor , he held the teaching assignment until SS 1960. As an associate professor of medicine, he supervised several doctoral theses in medical history.

From 1951 to 1953 he was the first chairman of the Baltic Philistine Association .

Behring archive

Alexander von Engelhardt is considered to be the founder of the Behring Archive. According to a speech manuscript in the collection on the history of the Behringwerke, he is said to have begun viewing and organizing the extensive inventory in 1927, when the Behringwerke assigned von Engelhardt, as the head of the company's scientific sales department, the task of doing archival work, i.e. to secure the holdings and to organize the estate. Since he was neither trained as a historian nor as an archivist, nothing is known about his archival classification criteria. Possibly - this can also be deduced from the correspondence with Heinz Zeiss (kept in the university archive of the Humboldt University Berlin) - Engelhardt is to be regarded as the (co-) initiator of the Behring biography published in 1940. On June 18, 1932, there was a meeting in the von Behring family's house in Marburg, which was attended by Behring's widow Else von Behring (1876–1936) and von Engelhardt, as well as the two later biographers Heinz Zeiss and Richard Bieling. During the development of the biography, von Engelhardt provided Zeiss, who was then living in Berlin, with documents. Zeiss and von Engelhardt probably knew each other through von Engelhardt's function as group leaders at the Central Research Center for Eastern Research.

Memberships

Publications

  • The Yatren casein therapy for acute and chronic infectious diseases, at the same time a development study of non-specific stimulation therapy, compiled by A. v. Engelhardt (1925).
  • Emil von Behring: Chronicle of his research work and his institute for experimental therapy; in memory of Behring's publication fifty years ago about his discovery of serum therapy . Berlin-Grunewald 1940.
  • The importance of German medicine for the East , in: Deutsches Ärzteblatt . Official Journal of the Reich Medical Association and the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Germany, No. 8/9, 73rd year, Berlin March 15, 1943, pp. 84–89.

editor

  • The world thanks Behring . Schultz, Berlin 1942.
  • Academic ceremony for the 50th anniversary of the award of the first Nobel Prize for Emil von Behring . Elwert, Marburg 1952.
  • Centenary of the birthdays of Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring in Frankfurt-Main: Awarding of the Emil von Behring Prizes in 1948, 1952 and 1954 . Elwert, Marburg 1954.

literature

  • Catalogus Professorum Academiae Marburgensis. The Academic Teachers of the Philipps University of Marburg , Volume Two: From 1911 to 1971, arr. by Inge Auerbach (Publications of the Historical Commission for Hessen 15, 2), Marburg 1979. ISBN 978-3-770805808 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Behring digital estate (Philipps University)
  2. ↑ Dissertation: The primary carcinoma of the female urethra .
  3. ^ Catalogus professorum academiae Marburgensis, 1979, p. 431
  4. ↑ Ulrike Enke: "Salvatore dell'infanzia" - Emil von Behring and Capri , in: Il Gabbiano di Capri
  5. ↑ Ulrike Enke: Behring's estates - Behring's biographies , in: Reports on the history of science 37 (2014), pp. 216–239.
  6. ↑ Behring Archive Marburg (BAM), List 09–05, Stand L – I, No. 1533 / I: “Employee Emil v. Behrings "
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Joseph Stark to Paul Weindling, April 23, 1997, annex to the letter (BAM, Sign. 23, status: O – I). [Paul Julian Weindling: Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe 1890-1945 . Oxford University Press 2000, p. 234.]
  8. ↑ see Federal Archives Berlin, R 6, No. 33
personal data
SURNAME Engelhardt, Alexander Baron
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Engelhardt, Alexander Moritz Conrad Baron (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medical historian
DATE OF BIRTH June 3, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Alaküla (Lääneranna) , Estonia Governorate
DATE OF DEATH May 26, 1960
Place of death Marburg , Hesse