Alexander Ivanovich Turgenev
Alexander Ivanovich Turgenev ( Russian Александр Иванович Тургенев , scientific transliteration Aleksandr Ivanovič Turgenev ; * March 27th July / April 7th 1784 reg. In Zimbirsk ; † December 3rd jul. / December 15, 1845 reg. In Moscow ) was a reg Russian historian .
Career
After completing his training in the boarding school of Moscow University 1797-1800, Turgenev studied to qualify for the diplomatic service from 1802 to 1804 at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . As a student he began to publish in the Russian press, but soon took over a state position at the Ministry of Justice (1805) and subsequently served, among other things, as head of department, as state secretary in the State Council and as a member of the committee for the preparation of a Russian law collection. In addition to his professional obligations, he worked as a secretary of the Russian Bible Society and the Patriotic Society of Women.
Turgenev maintained contact with well-known Russian writers and was one of the closest friends of the national poet Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin . Turgenev came more and more into opposition to the repressive and increasingly obscurantist regime of Tsar Alexander I , who then also removed him from all his offices in May 1824; Turgenev was only allowed to remain a member of the Commission for the Collection of Laws. His overall highly successful career as a ministerial official was thus definitely over.
After 1825, Turgenev lived mostly abroad. His circle of acquaintances included u. a. Goethe , Mickiewicz , Stendhal and Mérimée . After Turgenev had been commissioned by Tsar Nikolai I , the successor of Alexander I, to collect materials on the history of Russia, he began to search systematically in the large libraries and archives of Western Europe for relevant documents, which he later named "Historiae Russiae Monumenta ex antiquis exterarum gentium archivis et bibliothecis deprompta from AI Turgenevio "(1841–1842).
Turgenev's extensive travel and research activities from 1825 to 1845 are evidenced not only by his extensive correspondence and his journalistic work, but also by his diaries and the "Chronicle of a Russian" (Chronika russkogo. Moscow / Leningrad: Nauka, 1964).
Honors
According to Turgenew, the plant genera are Turgenia Hoffm. and Turgeniopsis Boiss. named from the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).
literature
- Erhard Hexelschneider: Europe and Russia in contemporary travelogues from Fonwisin to A. Turgenew in: Russia & Europe. Historical and cultural aspects of a problem of the century. Rosa Luxemburg-Verein, Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-929994-44-5 , pp. 49-64.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
Web links
- Article Alexander Ivanovich Turgenev in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Turgenew, Alexander Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Тургенев, Александр Иванович (Russian); Turgenev, Aleksandr Ivanovič (scientific transliteration) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian historian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 7, 1784 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Simbirsk |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 15, 1845 |
| Place of death | Moscow |