Alexander Sergejewitsch Moskalev

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Alexander Sergejewitsch Moskalev ( Russian Александр Сергеевич Москалёв , scientific transliteration Aleksandr Sergeevič Moskalëv ; born November 16, 1904 in Waluiki , Belgorod Oblast ; † January 3, 1982 ) was a Soviet aircraft designer.

Origin and studies

Alexander Moskaljow was born in Waluiki in 1904 , but moved with his family to the village of Verkhnyaya Chawa ( Верхняя Хава ) in the Voronezh governorate in 1905 . His father worked there as a doctor. In 1913 the family, including his brother Boris, born in 1906, moved to Voronezh. Moskalev was enrolled at the Voronezh State University in 1924 , where he attended the physical-mathematical department. However, he had to leave it and, after another stopover in Kazan, finally enrolled at the mathematical-mechanical department of the Faculty of Physics and Technology at the Leningrad State University with a major in aerodynamics. After graduating in 1928, Moskalev worked initially as a volunteer in the design of aircraft. From 1928 he worked at the Roter Flieger plant (Russian Красный лётчик ). His first design was the Moskalev MU-3 , a seaplane similar to the Shavrov Sch-2 .

Moskalev SAM-7

Work as a designer

Test aircraft SAM-9, 1937

From 1932 he was deputy head of the experimental design office of the aircraft factory in Voronezh, founded in the same year ( Воронежский авиационный завод № 18 ). In 1934, Moskalev developed the project for a flying wing with delta wings. The design, called SAM-4 Sigma , was rejected by the head office of the aviation industry because of its futuristic design and was not implemented. Moskalev remained stuck with the flying wing idea and a year later developed the more conservatively designed SAM-7, a tailless single-seater fighter with two rudder units on the trapezoidal wings. The sample is said to have been tested, but only gave unsatisfactory results. In 1936, Moskalev took over his own design office. Most of his designs were simple to fly sports machines. Some were used for record attempts, such as the SAM-5 . However, he also continued to develop unusual concepts such as the test fighter SAM-9 Strela with an extremely pointed parabolic wing, which was successfully tested in 1937 and led to the unrealized delta wing project SAM-29 of 1944 with rocket propulsion. Moskaljow worked at the Aviation University and had some of his designs built there, such as the Moskaljow SAM-13 , which, equipped with a pull / pneumatic screw, was supposed to reach speeds of 450 km / h near the ground as a light fighter. Between 1935 and 1945, Moskalev developed a total of 35 projects and built 23 light aircraft.

Teaching activity and past years

After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War , he became a professor at the university in 1941. His aircraft projects were canceled and he worked on advanced airborne techniques, such as a tow cabin that was being tested with a Tupolev ANT-6 or a motor glider.

In 1948 he went first to the Military Academy for Engineers of the Air Force and then to the Moscow State Aviation Institute , where he continued his teaching activities. In 1950 he received the title of Candidate in Technical Sciences and in 1952 he was appointed to the army as a Lieutenant Colonel engineer.

Moskalev began writing his memoir and completed the first part in 1976. However, he could no longer complete it. Moskalev died on January 3, 1982. In 1999, on the 95th anniversary of Moskalev's birth, the memoirs Golubaja spiral , which were created with the help of Moskalev's manuscripts, were published.

literature

Web links

Commons : Moskalev planes  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Article on the 105th birthday of Moskalev ( Memento from October 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Website of the Russian State Archive for Scientific and Technical Documents.
  2. ↑ Heinz Machatschek: Personalities of Soviet Aviation (1): W. K. Kokkinaki, A. S. Moskaljow, M. L. Mil in Flieger Jahrbuch 1982, Transpress, Berlin 1982, p. 40.
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Sellenthin, Ulrich Unger: Nurflügler. 2nd part . In: Fliegerrevue . No. 3/1982 , p. 123/124 .
personal data
SURNAME Moskalev, Alexander Sergejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Москалёв, Александр Сергеевич (Russian spelling); Moskalëv, Aleksandr Sergeevič (scientific transliteration)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet aircraft designer
DATE OF BIRTH November 16, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Waluiki , Belgorod Oblast
DATE OF DEATH January 3, 1982