Alexei Elbrusowitsch Gutnow

Alexei Elbrusowitsch Gutnow ( Russian Алексе́й Эльбру́сович Гутно́в ; * 1937 in Moscow ; † July 14, 1986 ibid) was a Soviet architect and city ​​planner .

Life

Gutnow's father was the Ossetian revolutionary Elbrus Gutnow, who had been personally sent to Germany by Stalin in 1922 for training and had carried out secret Comintern commissions there. Gutnow's mother was the Jewish Medievalist Jewgenija Vladimirovna Gutnowa, born. Levizkaja-Zederbaum (1914–1992), daughter of the Gulag prisoner Vladimir Levizki-Zederbaum and niece of Lenin's fellow warrior and later Menshevik Julius Martow (cedar tree).

Gutnow studied at the Moscow School of Architecture, where he was the leader of a student group and was looking for concepts for the new modern city. The concept developed by the students was named New Element of Spatial Planning (NER) . In 1960, 10 students of the group successfully defended their joint diploma -work The city in Siberia (the example of the situation of the village Kritowo in Krasnoyarsk ) . In 1968 the NER project of the city of the future was presented at the Milan Triennale , where it met with a positive response. A NER display model was shown at Expo '70 in Osaka in 1970 . 1971 Gutnow successfully defended his candidate - Dissertation The effect of the variability of the urban environment on the principles of urban planning as well as in 1980 his doctoral dissertation structure-functional organization and development of a city planning system .

After graduating from college, Gutnow worked for two years in the planning department of the Palace of the Soviets for an administrative center on Moscow's Lenin Mountains and then for 12 years in the Mos project 1 . He then headed the scientific department of the Research and Planning Institute of the City of Moscow until his death . Numerous projects were carried out under his direction and participation, such as the Sokolniki residential area and the conversion of the Arbat .

In 1998, the Architecture Council of the Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning of the City of Moscow endowed the Architect A. Gutnow Prize . The prize is awarded annually to urban planners for projects and scientific studies to implement the general plan for the city of Moscow.

Works

• The Ideal Communist City (1968, co-authors Baburov, Djumenton, Kharitionova, Lezava, Zadovskij).
• Idea per la Città Communista (1968).
• L'Espace Urbain en URSS 1917-1978 . Center National d'Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou / Center de Creation Industriel 1978.

Russian:

• New element of spatial planning: On the way to the new city (together with IG Leschawa ). Stroisdat 1966 (with translated editions in the US , Italy and the UK ).
• Cities of the Future (together with IG Leschawa). Stroisdat 1977.
• Evolution of Urban Planning (1984).
• The World of Architecture: The Language of Architecture (1985).
• The world of architecture: The face of architecture (completed by WL Glazychev , 1990).

Literature and Sources

• From the archive of the Zederbaum family . Sobranije, Moscow 2008.
• Gary Berkovich: Watching Communism Fail . USA 2008, ISBN 978-0-7864-4139-6 .
• Ossetians: Gutnow Alexei Elbrusowitsch (Russian, accessed November 11, 2015).
• Gutnow Alexei Elbrusowitsch (Russian, accessed November 11, 2015).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ EW Gutnowa : Experienced . Moscow 2001 (Russian, accessed November 11, 2015).
2. ↑ Masha Panteleyeva: Alexei Gutnov, the NER Group ("New Element of Settlement") and Giancarlo De Carlo (accessed November 11, 2015).
3. ^ JC Myers: Traces of Utopia: Socialist Values ​​and Soviet Urban Planning . Cultural Logic, ISSN  1097-3087 .
4. ^ Miles Glendinning: The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation: Antiquity to Modernity . Routledge 2013, p. 386.
5. ↑ Architect A. Gutnow Prize (Russian, accessed November 10, 2015).