Alexei Nikolaevich Chicherin

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Alexei Nikolajewitsch Tschitscherin ( Russian Алексей Николаевич Чичерин ; * February 20 July / March 4,  1894 greg. In Moscow ; † October 30, 1960 ibid) was a Russian poet and futurist .

Life

Chicherin's ancestors were farmers who came to Moscow and became traders. He was one of three brothers and received no formal higher education. From childhood he was interested in literature . He published poems in student newspapers and gave private lessons in Russian and literature. A first book of futuristic poems was published in 1914 in Kharkov .

Since 1922 there was a direction of literary constructivism under the leadership of Chchiner and Ilya Lvovich Selwinski . In 1923 they published the joint manifesto of the constructivist poets . According to Svetlana Alexejewna Kovalenko , Chicherin wrote the manifesto and read it on December 8, 1922 and March 27 in the Moscow Polytechnic Museum . In the debates that followed, Boris Ignatievich Arwatov characterized Chicherin's position as metaphysical and mystical . In 1924 Korneli Lyuzianowitsch Selinski , Selwinski and Tschitscherin founded the group Literary Center of Constructivists (LZK) , with poetry taking center stage. There Chicherin took a very radical and formalistic position, whereupon he was expelled from the LZK on April 27, 1924.

In 1925 Tschitscherin founded the literary group Kan-Fun (constructivism and functionalism). In 1927 he created the poem Swonok k dworniku , in which each of the 6 chapters was preceded by a surrealist drawing designed by the expressionist artist Boris Sergejewitsch Semenkow from the earlier Nitschewoki group according to Chicherin's instructions .

Since 1926, Chicherin was a board member of the All-Russian Union of Poets and headed the academic sector. He was a member of the All-Russian Union of Writers . During this time he became known as a reciter of the works of Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky . With his special way of speaking, Chicherin particularly impressed Semyon Issaakowitsch Kirsanow , Boris Wassiljewitsch Kosarew and Rita Rait-Kowaljowa .

Chicherin worked in the People's Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR . From 1923 he was the technical editor of the Gossizdat publishing house of the People's Commissariat. In 1926 he was appointed by the People's Commissar for Education Anatoly Wassiljewitsch Lunacharsky to the technical and artistic editor of the magazine Soviet Art (since 1929 Art ). In addition, Chicherin studied history of philosophy at the Moscow University for Marxism-Leninism of the CPSU from 1934 to 1936 . The Union of Writers of the USSR held a one-day exhibition of the books designed by Chicherin.

When the Moscow publishers were evacuated after the beginning of the German-Soviet War , Chicherin ran books kiosks . In 1943 he was sentenced to five years in prison for missing books. After his release in September 1946, he was technical and literary editor at the Moscow Technology Institute and in the 1950s at Iskusstwo Publishing .

Chicherin's literary estate was not collected and examined. Chicherin is easily confused with the literary scholar Alexei Vladimirovich Chicherin and other avant-garde artists . For example, Warlam Tichonowitsch Shalamov wrongly assigned Chicherin to the Nitschewoki Boris Sergeyevich Semenkov group and ascribed a poem by the ego-futurist Vasilisk Gnedo to Chicherin . Chicherin's manuscripts and unpublished writings are kept in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Алексей Чичерин: Конструктивизм воскрешения. Декларации, конструэмы, поэзия, мемуары. Исследования и комментарии . здательство Европейского уни верситета в Санкт-Петербург, St. Petersburg 2019, ISBN 978-5-94380-261-4 ( [1] [PDF; accessed November 7, 2019]).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Сопротивление материалов. Алексей Чичерин рассекает поэзию (accessed November 7, 2019).
  3. ↑ Janecek G .: AN Čičerin, constructivist poet . In: Russian Literature . tape XXV , 1989, p. 469-523 .
  4. ↑ YIVO Institute for Jewish Research: Sel'vinskii, Il'ia L'vovich (accessed October 28, 2019).
  5. ↑ Чичерин А.Н .: Звонок к дворнику: Поэма . Библиотека авангарда, 2017 ( [2] [accessed November 7, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Shargunov S .: Катаев. Погоня за вечной весной . Молодая гвардия, Moscow 2016 ( [3] [accessed November 7, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Филатьев Э .: Главная тайна горлана-главаря. Книга вторая. Вошедший сам. 1918-1922 . Эффект фильм, Moscow 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Tschitscherin, Alexei Nikolajewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Чичерин, Алексей Николаевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian poet and futurist
DATE OF BIRTH March 4, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH October 30, 1960
Place of death Moscow