Rita Rait-Kovalyova

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rita Rait-Kowaljowa ( N. Uschin , 1932)

Rita Rait Jakovlevna-Kowaljowa born Raisa Yakovlevna Tschernomordik , ( Russian Рита Яковлевна Райт-Ковалёва , maiden name Russian Раиса Яковлевна Черномордик * April 19 jul. / May 1, 1898 greg. In the village Petruschewo, Ujesd Jelisawetgrad ; † 29. December 1988 in Moscow ) was a Russian writer and translator .

Life

Tschernomordik came from a Jewish family. Her father Jakow-Mejer Salmanowitsch Tschernomordik (1868–1960) from Welisch was a military doctor after studying at the University of Dorpat , had participated in the Russo-Japanese War and was from 1906 city doctor in Welisch. Tschernomordik grew up in Kurski and Welisch and then studied medicine in Kharkov , following family tradition . There she met Welimir Khlebnikov , whose poems she translated into German . She then moved to Moscow, where she continued her studies at the medical faculty of the 2nd Moscow University, which emerged from the Moscow Higher Courses for Women (graduated in 1924).

Chernomordik chose the pseudonym Rita Rait (see Rait ) for her creative writing . She spoke German and French . She later learned English . In Moscow she met Mayakovsky , Ossip and Lilja Brik and Pasternak . At Lilja Brik's request, Rait documented Mayakovsky's life. In 1921, at Mayakovski's request, she translated his mystery buffo into English for the delegates of the III. Comintern Congress and also in German. The translation of works by Friedrich Schiller into Russian followed .

Rait went to Leningrad after graduation . She found a job with the physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov in the laboratory and worked there from 1924 to 1930. She taught English at the Military Technology Academy in Leningrad (1925-1935). 1935–1938 she worked in the National Research Institute for Brain Research of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR founded by Vladimir Mikhailovich Bechterew in 1928 . She married Nikolai Kovalev. In 1938 she became a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR . During the German-Soviet war she was the correspondent of the Sowinform office in Arkhangelsk .

Rait translated works by Heinrich Böll , Franz Kafka , JD Salinger , William Faulkner , Kurt Vonnegut , Nathalie Sarraute , Anne Frank and Edgar Allan Poe . Sergei Donatowitsch Dovlatow held her in high esteem . She translated Mayakovsky's works into German. She wrote a biography of Robert Burns and wrote memoirs about Mayakovsky, Velimir Khlebnikov, Anna Andreevna Akhmatova and Pasternak. Eventually, Rait learned Bulgarian in order to translate from Bulgarian.

Rait's daughter Margarita Kowaljowa (1933–2013) became a biologist and also translated. Rait's nephew Alexander Filippowitsch Kowaljow (1927–1944) lived with her after his parents were arrested during the Great Terror in 1937, and was killed in the German-Soviet War on a torpedo boat of the Northern Fleet by an attack by the German air force .

Honors, prizes

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Большая биографическая энциклопедия: Райт, Рита (accessed November 7, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Лаборатория Фантастики: Рита Я́ковлевна Райт-Ковалёва (accessed November 8, 2019).
  3. ↑ Улицы Велижа рассказывают (accessed November 7, 2019).
  4. ↑ История ОГБУЗ "Велижская ЦРБ" (accessed November 7, 2019).
  5. ↑ Памятник юнге Сашe Ковалёву (accessed November 8, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Rait-Kovalyova, Rita
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rait-Kowaljowa, Rita Jakowlewna (full name); Tschernomordik, Raissa Jakowlewna (maiden name); Райт-Ковалёва, Рита Яковлевна (Russian); Черномордик, Раиса Яковлевна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian writer and translator
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Petrushevo village, Ujesd Jelissavetgrad
DATE OF DEATH December 29, 1988
Place of death Moscow