All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam ( AIADMK , Tamil அனைத்திந்திய அண்ணா திராவிட முன்னேற்றக் கழகம் IAST Aṉaittintiya Anna Tirāviṭa Munnēṟṟak Kaḻakam [ anɛi̯t̪ːin̪d̪ijə aɳːaː d̪raːʋiɖə munːeːtːrə kːaɻəɦʌm ], German , Alli Discher Anna -dravidischer progress Bund ' ) is a regional party in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu . It was created in 1972 by splitting off from Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). The party's main goals are social justice and the preservation of Tamil identity and culture.
history
The roots of the AIADMK are in Dravidar Kazhagam ( "Federation of Dravidians"), a 1944 under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy founded (Periyar) political association, from 1949 under the leadership of C. N. Annadurai the Tamil party Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK; "Dravidian Progress League ") emerged. In 1967 the latter succeeded in replacing the Indian National Congress in the government of the state of Madras (since 1969 Tamil Nadu). The DMK gained great popularity in the course of the protests in the 1960s against the planned introduction of the North Indian language Hindi as the official language throughout India - which many Tamils perceived as a disadvantage of the Dravidian south by the Indo-Aryan north.
After the death of party leader Annadurai in 1969 M. Karunanidhi took over the party chairmanship and the office of chief minister (head of government) of Tamil Nadu. Soon it came between him and the influential and popular actor MG Ramachandran (known as MGR) to disputes over the party leadership. Ramachandran accused him of corruption and betrayal of the ideals of the late CN Annadurai and was subsequently expelled from the party. This prompted him on October 17, 1972 to found his own party called Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (ADMK), with the name component "Anna" alluding to the politics of Annadurai ("Annaism"), the continuation of which the party committed to. On May 16, 1976, the name was changed to All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). A year later, OIADMK won the Tamil Nadu regional parliament elections, and Ramachandran became the state's chief minister . Until his death in 1987, he was re-elected twice and, with a brief interruption in 1980, when the Indian central government took over government for just under four months, he headed Tamil Nadu. His style of governance was authoritarian and was also characterized by populism , based on his popularity as a former film actor. Ramachandran's wife Janaki Ramachandran reigned as interim minister for a few days in 1988.
Since the AIADMK won the election again in 1991, J. Jayalalithaa , Ramachandran's long-time lover and also a former actress, has chaired the party. Voted out in 1996 after allegations of bribery, she managed to return in 2001. During her five-year tenure, she faced repeated allegations of abuse and even had to temporarily resign. In 2006 the AIADMK was defeated by the opposition under the leadership of the DMK , but returned to government after an election victory in 2011.
Performing in the general election in Tamil Nadu
Out of the ten parliamentary elections in which OIADMK has participated in the state of Tamil Nadu since 1977, it emerged as the largest party seven times (1977, 1980, 1984, 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2016), each time with an absolute majority. In detail, the election results are as follows:
year | Share of votes | Seats won |
Seats begun |
Total seats |
---|---|---|---|---|
1977 | 30.4% | 130 | 200 | 234 |
1980 | 38.8% | 129 | 177 | 234 |
1984 | 37.0% | 132 | 155 | 234 |
1989 | 21.2% a | 27 a | 198 a | 234 |
9.2% b | 2 b | 175 b | ||
0.6% c | 2 c | 4 c | ||
1991 | 44.4% | 164 | 168 | 234 |
1996 | 21.5% | 4th | 168 | 234 |
2001 | 31.4% | 132 | 141 | 234 |
2006 | 32.6% | 61 | 188 | 234 |
2011 | 38.4% | 150 | 165 | 234 |
2016 | 40.8% | 135 | 234 | 234 |
a Jayalalithaa Group
b Janaki Group
c United Jayalalithaa and Janaki Group in the four constituencies where a by-election took place
List of the AIADMK-led governments in Tamil Nadu
Chief Minister | Beginning of the term of office | Term expires |
---|---|---|
MG Ramachandran | June 30, 1977 | 17th February 1980 |
MG Ramachandran | June 9, 1980 | November 15, 1984 |
MG Ramachandran | February 10, 1985 | December 24, 1987 |
VR Nedunchezhiyan | December 24, 1987 | January 7, 1988 |
Janaki Ramachandran | January 7, 1988 | January 30, 1988 |
J. Jayalalithaa | June 24, 1991 | May 12, 1996 |
J. Jayalalithaa | May 14, 2001 | September 21, 2001 |
O. Panneerselvam | September 21, 2001 | March 1, 2002 |
J. Jayalalithaa | March 2, 2002 | May 12, 2006 |
J. Jayalalithaa | May 16, 2011 | September 27, 2014 |
O. Panneerselvam | 29th September 2014 | May 22, 2015 |
J. Jayalalithaa | May 23, 2015 | 5th December 2016 |
O. Panneerselvam | December 6, 2016 | 15th February 2017 |
Edappadi K. Palaniswami | 16th February 2017 | in office |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Figures based on the statistics of the Election Commission of India ( 1977 , 1980 , 1984 , 1989 , 1991 , 1996 , 2001 , 2006 , 2011 , 2006 , 2011 ( Memento of March 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), 2016 ).