Old train station (Mannheim)
| Mannheim | |
|---|---|
 Main station square Mannheim, early 1840s
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| Data | |
| Operating point type | railway station |
| Location in the network | Terminus |
| opening | September 12, 1840 |
| Conveyance | 1879 |
| location | |
| Place / district | Mannheim |
| country | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 28 '53 " N , 8 ° 28' 22" E |
| Railway lines | |
| Railway stations in Rhineland-Palatinate | |
The later so-called Alte Bahnhof Mannheim was the first train station in Mannheim and was built as the western terminus of the Mannheim – Heidelberg railway , the first railway line in the Grand Duchy of Baden .
Geographical location
The train station was southeast of the squares , at the former Heidelberger Tor, roughly in the area between Tattersallstrasse, Schwetzinger Strasse, Toräckerstrasse and on Bismarckplatz. The line coming from the south-west turned 90 degrees to the right immediately in front of the train station, so that the train station stretched from south-west to north-east parallel to (today's) Kaiserring. Initially, it was located on the city limits. The hall name was "Hasenhütte".
history
After almost three years of planning, the station was built on December 2, 1839. The architect was Friedrich Eisenlohr . The station went into operation on September 12, 1840 as a passenger station. The freight yard was built later. There was a track to the Rheinhafen that was operated as a horse-drawn tram across the city. It was not until 1854 that the grinding track was opened, on which freight trains could now also drive to the port hauled by locomotives. In Mannheim - as in many other places - the traffic generated by the railroad was completely underestimated. The first extensions had to be built at the station as early as 1844/45, because from 1846 it was also used by the Main-Neckar Railway from Frankfurt am Main .
The increasing traffic and the project of a bridge over the Rhine to Ludwigshafen am Rhein made further expansion of the station seem impractical. Rather, a new, larger station was built in the run-up to the opening of the bridge, very close by, but structurally pivoted by 90 degrees so that trains coming from the south, from Baden, passed through the station and at its northern end onto the Rhine bridge Bavarian Palatinate could continue. This new main station was inaugurated in 1867 and replaced the facility - now known as the old station - which was used as a local freight station for a few years. After a new freight yard for Mannheim went into operation in Mühlau in 1879, the grinding track and old station were abandoned, the facilities subsequently demolished and the fallow land built over by the expanding city of Mannheim. Structurally nothing is left of the old station today.
investment
The station was on land that had been piled up almost five meters high. He was a railhead and typological an early investment, nor a real train yard : The tracks were in a courtyard, which was surrounded by buildings nearly symmetrical. In the middle, the two wooden platform halls dominated , the northern one for arriving and the southern one for departing trains - the usual way of handling operations at the end of a railway line. Each of the two halls covered a platform, a platform track and a second track on which the locomotive could bypass the train. The one-story, rather inconspicuous reception building stood on the southern side of the halls. Here were accommodated (from east to west): the baggage handling, the ticket sales with three counters and two waiting rooms, one for the passengers of the "upholstered class", the other for passengers of the 3rd class . A covered vestibule stretched along the building on the street side.
The railway yard surrounded Workshop, Home, sheds and coal Magazine. The buildings were made of brick with a sandstone structure and covered with slate. Some subordinate buildings or temporary arrangements were made of wood. The track systems were also very old-fashioned: the workshop and storage areas could only be reached by the railway vehicles via tracks running at right angles to the entry and exit tracks, which were connected to them by turntables , an extremely ineffective and underperforming operating concept.
While the Grand Ducal Baden State Railways initially laid 1,600 millimeter broad gauge tracks - including between Mannheim and Heidelberg - the second route that reached Mannheim in 1846, the Main-Neckar Railway, was laid in standard gauge . The tracks lay parallel on the open stretch, but three- rail tracks had to be laid in the Mannheim train station due to lack of space - a technical first in Germany. In 1854 , the Baden State Railways switched to standard gauge.
literature
- Hans-Joachim Clewing: Friedrich Eisenlohr and the buildings of the Baden State Railroad = dissertation at the University of Karlsruhe in 1968.
- Hans Huth: The art monuments of the city district of Mannheim 1. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1982. ISBN 3-42200556-0 , p. 839f.
- Albert Kuntzemüller : The first Mannheim railway. For the secular celebration of the Baden State Railways on September 12, 1940 . In: Mannheim history sheets. 41st year. Issue 1/1940, pp. 1–26.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ W. Mayher: Map of Mannheim and Ludwigshafen . Heckel, Mannheim approx. 1875.
- ↑ Huth, p. 839.
- ^ Clewing, p. 55.
- ↑ Kuntzemüller, p. 15.
- ^ Clewing, p. 56.
- ↑ Huth, p. 839.
- ↑ Huth, p. 839.
- ↑ W. Mayher: Map of Mannheim and Ludwigshafen . Heckel, Mannheim approx. 1875.
- ↑ Huth, p. 840.
- ^ Clewing, p. 57.
- ↑ Kuntzemüller, p. 9; Clewing, p. 56.
- ↑ Clewing, p. 57 and Figure 8 (schematic plan of the train station).
- ↑ Clewing, p. 57; Huth, p. 840.
- ^ Clewing, p. 57.
- ↑ Kuntzemüller, p. 16.