Alternative bank
Alternative banks , also known as alternative banks (English alternative bank, French banque alternative, sp. Banca alternativa), are universal and commercial banks that are mostly co-operative and specialize in particular in sustainable investments and investments (see Sustainable Banking , Ethical Investment ), which are therefore committed to certain ethical, religious, ecclesiastical, ecological, social or political principles and concerns. They generally differ from conventional banks in the relativization of the return principle and in their stronger orientation towards the stakeholder principle compared to the shareholder principle .
term
The terminology is often vague, so alternative banks are sometimes referred to as ecological, ethical or social banks. Most alternative banks also combine several principles. Many alternative banks have one of the distinctive names in their names.
In English-speaking countries, the term alternative banks only credit unions ( cooperative banks ), government financial institutions ( government savings banks ) Landesbanken and SPEs ( special purpose banks ) understood the common feature is the absence of the profit principle. But there is also a use of the term that corresponds to the German understanding.
Alternative banks in Europe
Social banks
In some countries, social banks are non-profit public pawn shops and social banks that take care of financially weak customers who do not have access to the regular banking system.
- Bank for social economy , house bank of the welfare associations
Religious banks
Church banks
Catholic alternative banks
Germany
- Bank for Church and Caritas in Paderborn
- Pax-Bank in Cologne, partly criticized for unethical investments
- Bank for medals and missions
- Steyler Bank in Sankt Augustin
Evangelical alternative banks
Germany
- Bank for Church and Diakonie eG - KD-Bank in Dortmund
Ecumenical alternative banks
- Oikocredit , Netherlands
Islamic banks
Germany
Great Britain
Anthroposophically linked banks
- GLS bank
- Triodos Bank , has branches in Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Spain and France
- Free Community Bank , Basel, Switzerland
Common good banks
- Project Bank for Common Good , Austria
Ethics banks
Denmark
- Andelskassen Oikos
- Arbejdernes Landsbank
- Dragsholm Sparekasse
- Folkesparekassen
- Merkur Andelskasse
Spain
- Colonya Caixa Pollença
- Caixa Ontinyent
- Coop57
- Fiare
- Triodos Bank
Great Britain
- The Co-operative Bank
- Ecology Building Society
- Reliance Bank
- Shared interest
- Unity Trust Bank
- Charity bank
Netherlands
Austria
- Austria: EthikBank
Belgium
- Belgium: Triodos Bank
Hungary
Norway
- Cultura Bank
Sweden
Germany
France
- LaNef, the first French ethics bank
- France: Crédit coopératif
Italy
- Fiare Banca Etica, Italian ethics bank, 2005
- Banca Popolare Etica, first Italian ethics bank, 1998
Ecological banks
Germany
- ÖkoBank , Frankfurt, Germany
Switzerland
- Alternative Bank Switzerland (ABS) in Olten, Switzerland
- GEO-Bank, Geneva, Switzerland
North America
Canada
- ATB Financial , Based in Edmonton, Alberta. owned by the Province of Alberta
United States
- Urban Partnership Bank, Chicago. Successor to ShoreBank
- RSF Social Finance , San Francisco
- New Resource Bank , San Francisco.
- First Green Bank, Mount Dora, Florida
- One Pacific Coast Bank, in Oakland, Seattle, Portland, Illwaco, WA.
- Spring Bank, Bronx, New York
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
- Prometheu
literature
- Stiftung Warentest: Green Investment. Invest responsibly . November 2010. ISBN 978-3-86851-314-1
- Wolfgang Kessler, Antje Schneeweiß: Money and Conscience. Do good and earn money from it. ISBN 978-3-88095-139-6
- Max Deml, Hanne May: Green Money. ISBN 978-3-79102-101-0
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kevin Schaefers: Sustainable investing - a business ethical advisory concept . Haupt Verlag AG, 2014, ISBN 978-3-258-07851-9 ( google.de [accessed on February 28, 2017]).
- ^ Jürgen Conrads: Money investment: with social responsibility . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-322-91049-3 ( google.de [accessed on February 28, 2017]).
- ^ Butzbach Olivier, E. von Mettenheim Kurt: Alternative Banking and Theory . In: Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium . tape 5 , no. 2 , January 1, 2015, p. 105–171 ( repec.org [accessed January 22, 2017]).
- ↑ Olivier Butzbach, Kurt E. von Mettenheim: Alternative Banking and Theory . In: Accounting, Economics and Law - A Convivium . tape 5 , no. 2 , July 1 2015 ISSN 2152 to 2820 , doi : 10.1515 / ael 2013-0055 ( degruyter.com [accessed on 22 January 2017]).
- ^ Kurt von Mettenheim, Olivier Butzbach: Alternative Banking and Financial Crisis . Routledge, 2015, ISBN 978-1-317-31863-7 ( google.de [accessed January 22, 2017]).
- ↑ James J. Lynch: Ethical Banking: Surviving in an Age of Default . Springer, 1991, ISBN 978-1-349-21710-6 ( google.de [accessed January 22, 2017]).
- ^ Intelligenthq.Com: Guide to Ethical Banking . YOUPublish, 2016, ISBN 978-3-95880-074-8 ( google.de [accessed on January 22, 2017]).
- ↑ The renaissance of social banks around the world . In: The time . January 13, 2005, ISSN 0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed January 22, 2017]).
- ↑ https://www.verbrauchzentrale.nrw/media224538A.pdf ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ https: //www.verbüberszentrale-bremen.de/media218699A.pdf ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Oikocredit: Oikocredit Germany - Oikocredit Germany. Retrieved January 22, 2017 .
- ↑ KT Bank: First Islamic bank opened in Germany - WELT. Retrieved January 22, 2017 .
- ^ Al Rayan Bank | Islamic banking | Sharia compliant & ethical. Retrieved January 23, 2017 (English).
- ^ Frédéric Cazenave: La première banque éthique française sur les rails . In: Le Monde.fr . May 26, 2014, ISSN 1950-6244 ( lemonde.fr [accessed January 22, 2017]).
