Alykul Osmonov

Alykul Osmonov on a 200 Som note of the Kyrgyz currency

Alykul Osmonow ( Kyrgyz and Russian Алыкул Осмонов ; * 1915 in Kaptal-Aryk, Generalgouvernement Turkestan , today in Panfilow Rajon , Tschüi region , Kyrgyz Republic ; † December 12, 1950 ) was a Kyrgyz poet , dramaturge and translator .

life and work

Youth and first works

Alykul Osmonow was born into a poor family in March 1915 in the village of Kaptal-Aryk in the north of what is now Kyrgyzstan. Since he lost his parents very early, he spent his childhood from 1925 to 1928 in an orphanage in Pischpek ( Bishkek ).

In 1929 he enrolled at the Pedagogical University in Frunze (now Bishkek). His first poem, Kyzyl Schük , appeared in the September issue of the Sabattuu bol newspaper in 1930 - that was the beginning of his literary activity. He then worked in the editorial offices of various Kyrgyz magazines, engaged in literary work and became known as a poet in the early 1930s.

In the Kyrgyz-Soviet literature of the 1930s, he was not yet able to develop his poetic skills, even though he had already published three books during this time - Songs of the Twilight (1935), Star of the Young (1937) and Cholponstan (1937). The poem Tschapajew (1934), which quickly became popular, describes people's eagerness to fight for a new life as fearlessly as the legendary division commander in his poem. Such poems, however, are still rare in his first books. In the poem I Myself , the poet complained bitterly that his texts did not reach people .

The years 1938 to 1940

His first girlfriend, Ajdai Schigitaljewa, whom he loved passionately, separated from him in 1938. This personal drama was a great inspiration for his further literary work. So he began the translation of the epic The Knight in the Skin of the Panther by the Georgian poet Schota Rustaveli (1172-1216). Based on research sources, he compared the various translations and made further literary experiences. In 1939 he finished his work. It was the first major translation in the history of Kyrgyz Soviet literature. He was thus considered a pioneer of his time. The book was published in 1940, and in a short time he became famous.

But he also wrote poetry that reflected the poet's grief. Osmonov writes in his autobiography: In the period between 1939 and 1940 I wrote little, but read a lot. At that time, he wrote a book of poetry - lyric poetry in which the pessimistic poems dominated. However, in 1941 he burned them all. The burning of his manuscripts was his personal drama and, in hindsight, a great loss for today's Osmonov readers. The Kyrgyz writer Tugelbai Sydykbekow wrote: He burned his memoirs in despair because the publisher's editor publicly accused him of sedition, which he wanted to find in one of the quatrains.

The first years of the war

Osmonov saw the Second World War (which the Soviets referred to as the “ Great Patriotic War ”) as a serious threat to the socialist fatherland. In contrast to many of his colleagues, he did not predict a quick victory and warned of the dangerous technical superiority of the Germans. In September and October 1941 he wrote the poem Long live the heart, long live the spirit .

Serious illness prevented him from serving in the Red Army. During the war he worked a lot: he wrote poems about the war and translated works such as the epic Chosrau and Schirin by the Persian poet Nezāmi (1941) and William Shakespeare's What you want (1942). He wrote the plays Tscholponbai , Liebe and Wer ist das? - all about the heroes of war (1943).

Fateful year 1944

In the fall of 1944, Osmonov experienced a complete breakdown in personal life: his newborn daughter died, his wife left him, and his pulmonary tuberculosis quickly worsened. During this time he often stayed on the banks of the mountain lake Issykköl , which inspired him very much. In late November 1944 he wrote a series of poems that later became the basis of his famous book Love . Osmonow wrote his works in the winter of 1944/45

• My star ,
• Of which I am ashamed ,
• Shota Rustaveli ,
• Black butterfly ,
• Nature and music .

In 1945 and 1946 he was very productive and wrote his best lyrical-romantic poems: Tolubai , Meine Mutter , Mayacht und Liebe . During his tuberculosis treatment, he wrote his greatest poem in November 1945: Risen from the dead and the works The memory of me , You are not dead , The Russian people - my brother and Frunze . In 1946 he wrote more poems, including Sehnsucht , Frau , Vier Jahreszeiten am Issykköl and What is the earth? .

During this time he wrote many poems: Love (1945), New Poems (1946), My Land - the Land of Songs (1947), For the Children (1947), New Poems (1949). During these years Osmonov also translated Eugene Onegin von Pushkin , Othello from Shakespeare and Leila and Majnun from Nawā'i and wrote the plays Death of a Hero (1945), The Second Brigade (1947), Rakia (1947), The Silver Spring ( 1949) and others.

His work reached its peak in the late 1940s. Confident about his skills, he dreamed of national recognition. He wanted to be known not only among his people, but also in all other Soviet states. He himself prepared the translation for his first book into Russian, and when he sent the manuscript to the Union of Soviet Writers , he wished that his works would be translated by Samuil Marschak , Ilya Selwinsky , Vera Zvyagintseva or S. Lipkin , all known Specialists in poetry translation. The editor of his book My House was the famous poet and translator Sergei Alexandrowitsch Obradowitsch (1892-1956), with whom Osmonov maintained a good friendship and business relationship. After he succeeded in obtaining specimen copies of the book Mein Haus in Moscow at the end of 1949 , he passed them on to friends and sent a copy to Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev , the then head of the Union of Soviet Writers. Fadeev immediately noticed the talent of the Kyrgyz poet and proposed him on behalf of the Union of Writers for the State Prize of the USSR . However, Osmonov died of lung disease in 1950 at the age of 35.

meaning

Kyrgyz poets of his generation fought for a new life not only through their works, but also through their public political activity. During this time a new realistic poetics emerged . The voices of Aaly Tokombayev (1904–1988), Mukai Elebayev (1905–1944), Shoomart Bokonbajew (1910–1944), Shusup Turusbjekow (1910–1943) and other first-generation poets attracted increasing attention.

Osmonov is considered one of the greatest Kyrgyz poets today.

Prizes and awards

A literary prize of the Kyrgyz writers' association was named after Osmonov in 1986. So far the winners have been:

• Koschogeldi Kultegin
• Baidylda Sarnogoyev
• Kurbanali Sabyrow
• Pamirbek Kasybayev

Osmonov was the first writer to receive the Lenin Komsomol Prize of the Kyrgyz Republic (posthumously).

expenditure

• Alykul Osmonow: Moi dom (My House), Moscow 1950.
• Alykul Osmonow: Köl tolkunu. Tandalgan yrlar jana poemalar (Waves of the lake. Collection of poems and poems), Frunze 1972.
• Alykul Osmonow: Stichotworenija i poemy (Poems and Poems), Leningrad 1990, ISBN 5-265-00989-2 .

literature

• Turusbek tegi Zeksenbek Zakypbek uulu: Alykulga taasim. Bishkek 1995, parallel literature : Poklon Alykulu .
• Kambaraly Botojarow, Walter May: Waves of the Lake. Alykul Osmonov Fund, Bishkek 1995.
• R. Kydyrbajewa : Lirika Alykula Osmonowa. (The poetry of Alykul Osmonov), Frunze 1957.
• D. Samaganow: Pisateli sowetskowo Kirgisistana. (Writer of the Soviet Kyrgyzstan), Frunze 1957.
• S. Umetaliev: Alykul Osmonow. Frunze 1958.
• K. Kyrbaschew: Alykul Osmonowdun poesijasynyn tili. (The language of poetry by Alykul Osmonov), Ilim, Frunze 1967.
• Kyrgyz adabijat taanusu djana adabiy syny. (Kyrgyz literature), Frunze 1967.

Web links

• Alykul Osmonov Poems - Classic Famous Poet - All Poetry
• Facts about Osmonov
• Literature by and about Alykul Osmonow in the bibliographic database WorldCat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Alykul Osmonow: Stichotworenija i poemy (poems and poems)
2. ↑ Alykul Osmonow: Köl tolkunu (waves of the lake)
3. ↑ Kyrgyz adabijat taanusu djana adabiy syny (Kyrgyz literature)
4. ↑ ^{a b} Biography of Alykul Osmonow literatura.kg. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
5. ↑ Vita of Koschogeldi Kultegin vb.kg. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
6. ↑ Exhibition about Baidylda Sarnogojew in the National Library of Kyrgyzstan  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 24kg.org, February 20, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2013.  
7. ^ Exhibition on the 70th anniversary of Kurbanali Sabyrov in the National Library of Kyrgyzstan news.namba.kg, April 11, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
8. ↑ exhibition on Pamirbek Kasybajew in the National Library of Kyrgyzstan on April 11 news.namba.kg, 2012. Accessed on March 5, 2013.
9. ↑ Vita of Alykul Osmonow  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. m.knews.kg. Retrieved March 5, 2013.