Ammonium azide

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ammonium azide
other names	Nitrogen ammonium
Molecular formula	NH 4 N 3
Brief description	colorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 12164-94-2 EC number 235-315-4 ECHA InfoCard 100.032.093 PubChem 10313046 ChemSpider 8488511 Wikidata Q2505864
properties
Molar mass	60.05856 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.345 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Melting point	160 ° C
solubility	soluble in water (20 g l −1 at 20 ° C) poorly soluble in methanol and ethanol
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ammonium azide is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of azides .

Extraction and presentation

Ammonium azide can be obtained by reacting ammonium chloride or ammonium nitrate with sodium azide in dimethylformamide at 100 ° C.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{4}NO_{3}+NaN_{3}\longrightarrow NH_{4}N_{3}+NaNO_{3}} }$

It is also possible to display it by reacting diazohippuramide in an alcoholic solution with ammonia . Ammonium azide was first synthesized by Theodor Curtius in 1890 through this reaction . 25% of the compound is also formed by isomerization of 2-tetrazene at 0 ° C.

properties

Ammonium azide is a colorless explosive solid that is soluble in water. The compound begins to sublime at 133 ° C and melts at 160 ° C on gentle heating. Ammonium azide has an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Pnam (space group no. 62, position 6) .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Willi Kleber: On the crystal morphology of ammonium azide, NH ₄ · N ₃ . In: Journal of Crystallography - Crystalline Materials. 96, 1937, doi : 10.1524 / zkri.1937.96.1.386 .
2. ^ Carl L. Yaws: The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals Physical Properties for More Than 54,000 Organic and Inorganic Chemical Compounds, Coverage for C1 to C100 Organics and Ac to Zr Inorganics . Gulf Professional Publishing, 2015, ISBN 978-0-12-801146-1 , pp. 731 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
3. ^ ^{A b} G. Matz: Crystallization basics and technology . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-47433-0 , pp. 136 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Inorganic Syntheses, Inc .: Inorganic Syntheses, . John Wiley & Sons, 2009, ISBN 0-470-13265-5 , pp. 136 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
6. ^ Josef Köhler, Rudolf Meyer, Axel Homburg: Explosivstoffe . Tenth, completely revised edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2012, ISBN 3-527-66007-0 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
7. ↑ Entry on tetracenes. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 25, 2017.
8. ↑ Jared Ledgard: The Preparatory Manual of Explosives . Lulu.com, 2007, ISBN 978-0-615-14290-6 , pp. 105 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
9. ↑ Ludo K. Frevel: The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Azide, NH ₄ N ₃ . In: Journal of Crystallography - Crystalline Materials. 94, 1936, doi : 10.1524 / zkri.1936.94.1.197 .