Anacampserotaceae
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Anacampseros rufescens |
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| Anacampserotaceae | ||||||||||||
| Eggli & Nyffeler |
The Anacampserotaceae are a 2010 described family from the order of the carnation-like . It contains about 40 succulent species in three genera and is native to Africa, Australia and America. It is closely related to the cacti.
description
The species of the family are smaller shrubs or perennial herbaceous plants with thick stems that contain mucus except for grahamia . Occasionally the stem or roots are thickened into tubers . The spirally arranged, succulent leaves are cylindrical to round, rarely flattened, hair, bristles or membranous flakes are found on the armpit.
The lateral or terminal inflorescence is a little-flowered thyrse , occasionally with compressed internodes , occasionally with screw . The mostly attractive, small to medium-sized flowers are hermaphroditic. The two sepal-like leaves are fleshy, permanent and dry up at the time of fruiting, there are five petal-like leaves each. There are 5 to 25 filaments consisting of three fused carpels existing ovary is upper constant. A hood forms from the flower cover, in Grahamia and Talinopsis the stamens are permanent, in Anacampseros species they fall off as a unit.
The fruits are capsules whose exocarp is obsolete and - with the exception of grahamia - separates from the endocarp. The valves of the endocarp form a small basket. The usually slightly angular, large seeds are pale to white in color. The outer skin has two layers, the outer layer almost completely detached from the inner one. Strophiola or elaiosomes are absent.
distribution
The family is widespread, its distribution ranges from South and East Africa to Australia ( Anacampseros ) to America ( Grahamia and Talinopsis in Argentina, Bolivia, Mexico and the United States).
Systematics
External system
The family was first described in 2010 by Urs Eggli and Reto Nyffeler on the basis of molecular genetic as well as morphological features, the type genus is Anacampseros . The cactus family (Cactaceae) are considered to be its sister taxon :
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Their scope corresponds to the former tribe Anacampseroteae Nyananyo ex GDRowley in the family Portulacaceae s. l.
Internal system
The family includes almost 40 species in three genera, two of which are monotypical . The genera are:
- Anacampseros L.
- Grahamia Gill. ex Hook. (monotypical)
- Talinopsis A. Gray (monotypic)
proof
- ↑ a b c d e f Reto Nyffeler, Urs Eggli: Disintegrating Portulacaceae: A new familial classification of the suborder Portulacineae (Caryophyllales) based on molecular and morphological data. In: Taxon . Volume 59, Number 1, 2010, pp. 227-240.
- ↑ Reto Nyffeler: The closest relatives of cacti: insights from phylogenetic analyzes of chloroplast and mitochondrial sequences with special emphasis on relationships in the tribe Anacampseroteae , In: American Journal of Botany . Volume 94, number 1, 2007, pp. 89-101, DOI: 10.3732 / ajb.94.1.89 .
