Anania funebris

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Anania funebris
Anania funebris

Anania funebris

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily : Common moth (Pyraloidea)
Family : Crambidae
Subfamily : Pyraustinae
Genre : Anania
Type : Anania funebris
Scientific name
Anania funebris
( Strøm , 1768)

Anania funebris is a ( small ) butterfly from the family of Crambidae .

features

The moths have a wingspan of 21 millimeters (or a fore wing length of 9 to 10 millimeters). Fore and hind wings are black. Each wing has two large, sharply defined white spots. On the forewing, the distal spot is roughly in the middle between the front and inner edge. It is usually elliptical and lies transversely to the longitudinal axis of the wing. The proximal spot is rounded to slightly elliptical, rarely also angular, and is located near the inner edge. A third, small spot often appears on the forewing. This has a very variable size and can sometimes be missing. It lies at the level of the proximal spot, but closer to the costal margin. It is often very blurred, rarely sharply drawn, occasionally also elliptical lengthways. The tegulae are yellow ocher.

The caterpillar is yellowish white in color and has green longitudinal lines. The head is brownish white.

The pupa is 8.5 to 10.0 millimeters long and colored red-brown. The surface is fine papillae, in places also wrinkled. The darkened Kremaster is relatively long and blunted at the end. The bristles are hook-shaped and concentrated at the end of the cremaster.

Geographical distribution

The species is widespread in Central and Northern Europe, very locally also in Southern Europe. The distribution area extends over southern Siberia and Transbaikalia to the Russian Far East and the Nearctic . It is also proven in Armenia .

The species prefers dry, but also fresh places in the open landscape and on the edges of forests. It is very local and mostly rare. In the Alps , it rises to at least 2300 meters.

Way of life

The species form two generations per year, whose moths fly from May to August. The moths are diurnal and usually fly around the food plants of the caterpillars. The oligophagous caterpillars feed on goldenrod ( Solidago ), dyer's gorse ( Genista tinctoria ) and black-growing goat clover ( Cytisus nigricans ). The caterpillar lives between flowers that are spun together or makes a spun tube on the lower leaves of the food plant. The caterpillar overwinters and pupates in spring.

Systematics and taxonomy

The taxon was first scientifically described in 1768 by Hans Strøm (also spelled Hans Ström) as Phalaena Geometra funebris . The name was often considered a synonym of Phalaena octomaculata Linné, as the publication date of the latter species had been wrongly determined (1767 instead of correctly 1771). This species is the type of the genus Anania Hübner, 1823. Phalaena octomaculata Linné, 1771 is now considered a synonym for Anania funebris .

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ UK moths - website of Ian Kimber
  2. ↑ a b c Hannemann (1964: p. 351) (as Anania octomaculata )
  3. ↑ Jan Patočka: The pupae of the Central European borer (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Pyralidae). Subfamilies Acentropinae, Odontiinae, Evergestinae and Pyraustinae. In: Linz biological contributions. 33rd volume, issue 1, Linz 2001, pp. 347-405 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  4. ↑ a b Ayuna A. Shodotova: Pyralid Moths (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea) of Buryatia: Family Pyraustidae. Entomological Review, 88 (5): 543-557, 2008 doi : 10.1134 / S0013873808050035
  5. ↑ Heiner Ziegler's website
  6. ↑ Slamka (1997: p. 23)
  7. ^ Hans Strøm: Description of Norske Insecter. Andet Stykke. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter 4: 313-371, Tab. XVI (= 16), Copenhagen 1768. Online at SUB Göttingen (description p. 339)
  8. ↑ Tränkner et al. (2009: p. 63ff.)

literature

  • Hans-Joachim Hannemann: Small butterflies or Microlepidoptera II. The curlers (sl) (Cochylidae and Carposinidae). The moth-like (Pyraloidea). In: Friedrich Dahl: The animal world of Germany and the adjacent parts of the sea according to their characteristics and their way of life. Part 50., VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1964.
  • Frantisek Slamka: The Common Moth (Pyraloidea) of Central Europe: Determination - Distribution - Flight area - Way of life of the caterpillars . 2nd partially revised edition, Bratislava 1997, ISBN 8-096-75402-5 .
  • Andreas Tränkner, Houhun Li, Matthias Nuss: On the systematics of Anania Hübner, 1823 (Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae). Nota lepidopterologica. 32 (1): 63-80, 2009 ( PDF ).

Web links

Commons : Anania funebris  - album with pictures, videos and audio files