Blacking goat clover

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Blacking goat clover
Black-growing goat clover (Cytisus nigricans)

Black-growing goat clover ( Cytisus nigricans )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe : Genisteae
Genre : Goat clover ( Cytisus )
Type : Blacking goat clover
Scientific name
Cytisus nigricans
L.

The black-growing goat clover ( Cytisus nigricans ) is a species of the goat clover ( Cytisus ) in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae).

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The black-growing goat clover grows as a bush that is richly branched from below and usually reaches heights of 30 to 100 centimeters, in exceptional cases of up to 150 centimeters. The long roots creeping under the ground have green branches above ground in various places. The branches are almost completely round. The name black-turning goat clover ( Cytisus nigricans ) comes from the fact that all of the plant parts turn blackish to completely black when drying.

The leaves are in three parts, with all leaflets sessile. The underside of the leaf is hairy close-fitting. The stipules are tiny.

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Generative characteristics

The flowering time is in midsummer in June to September. Terminal, long, multi-flowered, racemose inflorescences are formed, which usually contain no bracts .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five petals are yellow.

The legume is hairy adjacent to it.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 46 or 48.

Occurrence

It is a central European species that occurs from Denmark to northern Italy .

The black-turning goat clover grows in dry, stony places such as heaths or on the edges of dry forests. It occurs mainly in societies of the Geranion sanguinei. Cytisus nigricans is a separation type of Cytiso-Pinetum, but is also found in subcontinental Potentillo-Quercion companies in Genisto-Quercenion- or Genistion companies.

Systematics

The first publication of Cytisus nigricans was done by Carl von Linné . A synonym of Cytisus nigricans L. is Lembotropis nigricans ( L. ) Griseb.

Depending on the author, there are few subspecies or varieties of Cytisus nigricans :

  • Cytisus nigricans L. var. Nigricans
  • Cytisus nigricans var. Australis (Prob.) Hayek (Syn .: Lembotropis nigricans subsp. Australis (Prob.) Holub ): This variety occurs in Italy and on the Balkan Peninsula.

Common names

For the black-growing goat clover there are also the trivial names blackened gorse, summer gorse, black bean bush, grape goat clover or also just called goat clover,

photos

  • Habitus

  • Underside of foliage

  • inflorescence

  • Flower, wing and boat removed on the right

  • Closely hairy legumes

  • Opened legumes

  • Seeds

literature

  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses. 7th edition. Franckh'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Kosmos-Naturführer, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-440-05284-2 .
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13./14. Edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .
  • Werner Rauh , Karlheinz Senghas: Flora of Germany and its adjacent areas. Founded by Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen. 84th edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1968.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 581.
  2. ↑ Data from ILDIS World Database of Legumes 2005: Lembotropis nigricans In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  3. ^ A b Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 126. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Black-growing Goat Clover ( Cytisus nigricans )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files