Calumma nasutum
| Calumma nasutum | ||||||||||||
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Calumma nasutum |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Calumma nasutum | ||||||||||||
| ( Dumeril & Bibron , 1836) |
Calumma nasutum is one of the smallest chameleons with a total length of 15 centimeters. Thespecies endemic to Madagascar was discovered in 1836 by André Marie Constant Duméril and Gabriel Bibron .
habitat
C. nasutum is a widespread species in the rainforests of eastern Madagascar, where it is mostly found in low vegetation, about 1 to 3 meters above the ground. This species colonizes primary forests as well as forest edges and secondary vegetation. The predators of C. nasutum are snakes ( Langaha madagascariensis and Bibilava infrasignatus ), birds ( Coua caerulea ) as well as spiders and praying mantises .
features
Both females and males can reach a total length of a little over 15 centimeters, with the tail at a good 10 centimeters always longer than the head-trunk . Animals of this kind have only a very weak helmet; Occipital and parietal lobes do not appear. The snout shield is present and has the name-giving, nose-like extension. This extension is 2 to 3 millimeters long and can be found in both sexes. It is presumably used for species identification when finding mating. C. nasutum is usually colored uniformly gray, beige or brown, occasionally a lateral white stripe or gray banding occurs. Yellow and blue color patterns and turquoise-green legs are rare. In courting females, five white-blue to turquoise colored spots appear on the head.
reproduction
The mating takes about 20 minutes and may be repeated for several consecutive days. After 40 days of gestation , the eggs are laid on the ground covered with leaves, moss or bark. The incubation lasted 94 days at a temperature of 23.5 ° C.
Systematics
The position of C. nasutum as an independent species has not been finally clarified. It is very likely that the animals grouped under this name represent a species complex. Using micro- CT of cranial bones and hemipenes as well as molecular biological examinations of the C. nasutum species complex, three further Calumma species could be identified: Calumma emelinae , Calumma tjiasmantoi and Calumma ratnasariae .
literature
- Frank Glaw , Miguel Vences : Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. 3. Edition. Vences & Glaw, Cologne 2007, ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Prötzel et al .: Untangling the trees: Revision of the Calumma nasutum complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). In: Vertebrate Zoology. Volume 70, No. 1, February 2020, pp. 23-59.
Web links
- Calumma nasutum in The Reptile Database
- Calumma nasutum in the Catalog of Life (English).
- Calumma nasutum inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.1. Posted by: Jenkins, RKB, Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Brady, L., Glaw, F., Griffiths, RA, Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, JC, Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana, H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E., 2011. Retrieved November 18, 2013.