Ancistrini

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ancistrini
Ancistrus sp.

Ancistrus sp.

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Order : Catfish (Siluriformes)
Subordination : Loricarioidei
Family : Armored catfish (Loricariidae)
Subfamily : Hypostominae
Tribe : Ancistrini
Scientific name
Ancistrini
Kner , 1853

The Ancistrini are a tribe of the South American armor catfish (Loricariidae). They were first as an independent subfamily (Ancistrinae) and were only in 2004 by Jonathan Armbruster as tribes of the subfamily Hypostominae assigned. They occur throughout northern and central South America , with the main distribution in the Orinoco and Amazon basins .

features

The species of the Ancistrini have a typical armor catfish shape with a flattened body and a flat head with a suction mouth below. The often hook-shaped bristles on the gill covers , after which they were named ( Greek : "ankistron" = barb ), are characteristic. These so-called interopercular odontodes are used for defense and can be spread wide apart in case of danger. The shape, number and characteristics of the interopercular odontodes are important determinants. They are only missing in some Pseudancistrus and Spectracanthicus species. The body lengths of the Ancistrini range from about 6 centimeters to 60 to 100 centimeters. Other features are the vertically oriented Vorkiemendeckel (Praeoperculum), the contact of the paired frontal bone with the bony orbits (orbit) and the sickle-shaped or bar-operculum (not Spectracanthicus ).

Way of life

The Ancistrini occur both in cool mountain streams and in low-oxygen, stagnant waters of the plains. They feed mainly on growth, some species are omnivorous and the genera Panaque and Panaqolus grate the soft wood from long sunken tree trunks. The Ancistrini spawn in caves that larger species dig into the embankments. Smaller species use knotholes in sunken tree trunks or gaps between stones. The males take care of the brood and guard and clean the spawn .

External system

The Ancistrini are in the crown group of the Hypostominae and are the sister group of the Pterygoplichthini . The systematic position is illustrated by the following cladogram :

Panaque nigrolineatus
 Hypostominae  




 Ancistrini


   

 Pterygoplichthini



   

 Hypostomini



   

 Rhinelepini



   

 Corymbophanini



Internal system

The Ancistrini currently comprise about 25 genera:

Baryancistrus xanthellus
Hypancistrus zebra
Pseudacanthicus fordii

swell

  • The Loricariidae by Dr. Jonathan Armbruster: Ancistrini Kner, 1853
  • Axel Zarske: Ancistrinae , Ancistrus and Pseudancistrus. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 51-53 and 815 f.
  • Ingo Seidel: Harnischwelszucht. Tetra Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-89745-139-1 .
  • Günther Sterba : The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ RE Reis, EHL Pereira & JW Armbruster: Delturinae, a new loricariid catfish subfamily (Teleostei, Siluriformes), with revisions of Delturus and Hemipsilichthys. In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 147, Issue 2, pp. 277–299, June 2006 doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-3642.2006.00229.x
  2. ↑ Lujan, NK, Armbruster, JW & Rengifo, B. (2011): A New Basal Ancistrini Genus and Species from the Andes of Northern Peru (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia , 2011: pp. 497-502. doi : 10.1643 / CI-10-201

Web links

Commons : Ancistrini  - collection of images, videos and audio files