Ancistrochilus
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Ancistrochilus rothschildianus |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
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| Rolfe |
Ancistrochilus is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of only two species found in tropical Africa.
description
The two species of this genus form closely spaced shoots that are thickened to round or pear-shaped pseudobulbs . The roots are surrounded by a velamen that is only one layer of cells thick. Below the pseudobulbs there are one or two lower leaves , at the tip of the pseudobulbs there are one or two leaves . The leaves are oblong-oval to lanceolate, they have a pointed tip, have a thin texture and are folded along the protruding leaf veins . The leaves fall off after a growing season, the pseudobulbs survive for a few years.
The upright inflorescence appears laterally from the base of the pseudobulb when the leaves are just unfolding. The inflorescence is racemose with one to five flowers . The inflorescence axis and ovary are hairy, the inflorescence axis has several bracts . The resupinated flowers are relatively large, pink or white in color. Except for the lip , the petals are similar in shape and color: they are narrow-oval to lanceolate and widely spread. The lip is three-lobed, the side lobes are turned upwards, the tapering middle lobe is bent downwards like a hook. In the middle of the lip there are three to five longitudinal, darker colored keels. The column is long, curved and winged on the sides. The stamen contains eight pollinia .
distribution
The species of the genus Ancistrochilus are native to tropical Africa. The area stretches in ribbon form from West Africa ( Guinea , Liberia , Sierra Leone ) to Central Africa ( Uganda and the northern Congo are reached in the east). They grow epiphytically in the shade of moist forests with only a short dry season. You can find them at altitudes up to 1200 meters.
Systematics and botanical history
Within the subfamily Epidendroideae , the genus Ancistrochilus was classified by Dressler in the tribe Arethuseae and there in the subtribe Bletiinae . However, recent studies have found a closer relationship with genera such as Collabium and Nephelaphyllum . This group of genera can be summarized in the tribe Collabieae .
The species Ancistrochilus thomsonianus was described by Reichenbach as early as 1879 under the generic name Pachystoma . Pfitzer placed them in the genus Ipsea in 1889 , before Rolfe established his own genus, Ancistrochilus , in 1897 . The name is made up of the Greek words ἄγκιστρον ankistros , "hook", and χεῖλος cheilos , "lip".
The two species of the genus are called:
- Ancistrochilus rothschildianus O'Brien : It occurs from tropical West Africa to Uganda.
- Ancistrochilus thomsonianus (Rchb. F.) Rolfe : It occurs from southern Nigeria to western-central tropical Africa.
See also
literature
Most of the information in this article comes from:
- Isobyl la Croix: The New Encyclopedia of Orchids . Timber Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-88192-876-1 , pp. 42 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Epidendroideae (Part one) . 2nd Edition. tape 4/1 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2005, ISBN 0-19-850712-7 , pp. 120-122 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Robert L. Dressler (1993): Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. 186. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-45058-6
- ↑ Cassio van den Berg et al .: An overview of the phylogenetic relationships within Epidendroideae inferred from multiple DNA regions and recircumscription of Epidendreae and Arethuseae (Orchidaceae) . In: American Journal of Botany 92 (4): 613-624. 2005.
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ancistrochilus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 4, 2018.
