Andrei Petrovich Dulson

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Andrei Petrowitsch Dulson , Russian Андрей Петрович Дульзон; German Andreas Dulson , (born February 9, 1900 in the village of Preuss (today Krasnopolje) near Saratow ( Samara Governorate , Russian Empire ); † January 15, 1973 in Tomsk , USSR ) was a German-Soviet linguist , dialectologist and ethnographer .

life and work

Andrei Dulson was the son of Volga German farmers from the village of Preuss in the Samara governorate (previously part of the Saratow region ). He attended the boys' high school in Katharinenstadt , learned the Greek and Latin languages, and was interested in Mandarin and Indo-European roots . As a teenager, Dulson took part in archaeological excavations, most of which related to Scythian barrows .

From 1917 he was at the school of Krasnopolje (Rownenski district), from 1918 to 1924 home teacher or extracurricular pedagogue of the Rownenski district, then a school teacher in the Privalenky district. In 1924 he became a German teacher at the Rabfak (workers' faculty) at the University of Saratov . From 1929 he taught at the German University of Education in Engels , from 1930 as a lecturer at the University of Saratow, from 1932 at the newly founded Pedagogical Institute in Saratow, where he then also received the chair for German language. He was arrested for the first time in 1934 and released a year later. Dulson received his doctorate in 1938 on the "Alt-Urbach dialect" and completed his habilitation a year later on the process of mixing German dialects in the Volga Republic . In 1941 he was finally deported to Siberia because of his German ethnicity . However, in 1944 Dulson managed to work at the Tomsk Pedagogical Institute . Here he primarily researched the indigenous peoples of Siberia and took part in ethnological expeditions. In particular, he did research on the Ketic . The department with a focus on indigenous ethnic groups of Siberia of the State Pedagogical University of Tomsk bears his name today.

Dulson was a student of the Russian-German dialect researcher Georg Dinges , who died of typhus in 1932 and was unable to complete his extensive work. For political reasons, too, the research work started by Dinges in the Volga region could no longer be continued. Therefore, Dulson devoted a few years to continuing the dialect research of the Volga Germans. In the 1930s he did some scientific work on local dialects and lists of German-speaking immigrants in the Volga German settlements. His empirically well-founded presentations on mixing and balancing processes in the Volga German dialects, which were typed in Russian and are therefore hardly known in the West today, are particularly valuable. Draft maps for creating a Volga-German language atlas survived the years in Engels' city ​​archive . They are considered to be the most comprehensive authentic source on the dialects of the Volga Germans of the prewar period. Dulson's maps deal not only with phonetic problems (different pronunciation of certain sounds in different places, e.g. Seef or Saaf for soap), but also word-geographical differences (one and the same thing is named differently in different places, e.g. Horse, nag, steed). The Volga German Language Atlas was published in 1997 on the basis of Andrei Dulson's design maps .

Dulson's son Alfred Andrejewitsch Dulson (1937-2019) was an engineering scientist and professor at the Polytechnic University in Tomsk.

Publications (selection)

  • On the history of the village of Preuss, o.0.0.1925.
  • Characteristic of the Ukrainian dialects of the Republic of the Volga Germans = K characteristike ukrainskich govorov respubliki nemcev Povolžja, Dt. State publisher of the ASR republic of the Volga Germans, Pokrowsk 1927 (German / Russian).
  • Wedding and birth in Preuss. A contribution to the Volga German Folklore, o. O. 1928.
  • Volga-German names of abuse and surnames, undated 1929.
  • with TI Porotova: Skazki narodov Sibirskogo Severa (German fairy tale of the peoples of the Siberian north): [Teksty i per.] 1, Izd-vo Tom. un-ta, Tomsk 1972 (Russian).

Literature (selection)

  • Nina Berend: Andreas Dulson . In: History and Culture of Germans in Russia - USSR. On the trail of a minority . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1989, ISBN 3-7995-4129-2 , p. 17 ( digital ).
  • TV Galkina: AP Dulʹzon: k 95-letiiu so dnia rozhdeniia ( Ger . On the 95th birthday of AP Dulson), Tomsk, 1995 (russ.)
  • Alexander Minor: Ėetnolingvističeskie issledovanija AP Dul'zona = Andreas Dulson: Ethnolinguitische Studien . Izdat. Saratovskogo universiteta, Saratov 2011, ISBN 978-5-292-04095-8 (Russian / German, abstract ).

Remarks

  1. ↑ Volga German language Atlas (WDSA) . Based on the materials collected by Georg Dinges 1925–1929. Ed. And ed. by Nina Berend. With the collaboration of Rudolf Post. Francke-Verlag, Tübingen and Basel 1997, ISBN 3-7720-1995-1 .
  2. ↑ Профессор ТПУ Альфред Дульзон скончался в ночь на вторник. June 18, 2019, accessed March 12, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Dulson, Andrei Petrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dulson, Andreas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Soviet linguist, dialectologist and ethnographer
DATE OF BIRTH February 9, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Prussia near Saratov , Samara Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH 15th January 1973
Place of death Tomsk , Soviet Union