Années de pèlerinage

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The Années de pèlerinage (translated pilgrimage years ) are a collection of 26 character pieces by Franz Liszt for piano solo in three volumes. They offer a compendium of the musical romanticism of the pianist Franz Liszt. The musical spectrum ranges from virtuoso fireworks to completely introverted romantic poetry. They reveal more clearly than many other Liszt compositions how the composer finds himself more and more musically under the impression of his travels. The third volume is particularly interesting in this regard, as it shows the development of Liszt's late style. This third volume was written much later than the first two volumes. Liszt's virtuosity takes a back seat to increasingly independent musical ideas and harmonic experiments.

The title

The title Années de pèlerinage refers to Goethe's famous development novel , Wilhelm Meister's apprenticeship years . As Wilhelm Meister develops his character on his journey, the composer Liszt uses his travel experiences as an opportunity for new compositions. Liszt Byron's Child cites Harolds Pilgrimage several times . But he also ties in with other authors of tradition and romanticism such as Dante , Petrarca , Schiller or Senancour .

Première année: Suisse

(translated: The first year: Switzerland ) - Liszt composed the pieces of the first volume between 1848 and 1854 and published them in 1855. Most of these first pieces (No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9) are revisions from his earlier cycle Album d'un Voyageur , which he composed between 1835 and 1836 and published in 1842. No. 7 ( Églogue ) was published separately; No. 5 ( Orage ) was only included in the final version of the cycle.

  1. Chapelle de Guillaume Tell ( Wilhelm − Tell Chapel ) - Liszt's motto: "One for all - all for one."
  2. Au lac de Wallenstadt ( Am See von Walenstadt or Am Walensee ) - Liszt's motto based on Byron's Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (Canto 3 LXVIII - CV): "Thy contrasted lake / With the wild world I dwell in is a thing / Which warns me, with its stillness, to forsake / Earth's troubled waters for a purer spring. "
  3. Pastoral
  4. Au bord d'une source ( At a source ) - Liszt's motto comes from Schiller: "In whispering coolness / the games begin / the young nature."
  5. Orage ( Sturm ) - Liszt's motto based on Byron's Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (Canto 3 LXVIII - CV): “But where of ye, O tempests! is the goal? / Are ye like those within the human breast? / Or do ye find, at length, like eagles, some high nest? "
  6. Vallée d'Obermann ( The Obermann Valley ) - The first motto quotes from Senancour's letter novel Obermann the important questions: «Que veux-je? Que suis-je? Que demander à la nature? … ». The second motto comes from Byron's Childe Harolds Pilgrimage : “Could I embody and unbosom now / That which is most within me, - could I wreak / My thoughts upon expression, and thus throw / Soul - heart - mind-- passions - feelings - strong or weak-- / All that I would have sought, and all I seek, / Bear, know, feel - and yet breathe - into one word, / And that one word were Lightning, I. would speak; / But as it is, I live and die unheard, / With a most voiceless thought, sheathing it as a sword. "
  7. Eglogue ( shepherd's song) - Liszt precedes the piece with a text from Obermann von Senancour with the heading Eglogue (shepherd's song) / De l'expression romantique et du ranz du vaches .
  8. Le mal du pays ( homesickness )
  9. Les cloches de Genève: Nocturne ( The bells of Geneva: Nocturne )

Deuxième année: Italie

(translated: The second year: Italy ) - Published 1858 (Schott); composed 1837–1849; the pieces. 4-6 are arrangements of art songs which Liszt summarized as Tre Sonetti del Petrarca ( Three Sonnets by Petrarca ); composed approx. 1839–1846 and published in 1846.

  1. Sposalizio ( Marriage ) - after Raphael's painting Marriage of the Virgin
  2. Il Penseroso ( The Pensive One) - after a statue of Michelangelo in the Florentine Medici Chapel
  3. Canzonetta del Salvator Rosa ( Canzonetta by Salvator Rosa )
  4. Sonetto 47 del Petrarca ( Petrarca – Sonnet 47 )
  5. Sonetto 104 del Petrarca ( Petrarca – Sonnet 104 )
  6. Sonetto 123 del Petrarca ( Petrarca – Sonnet 123 )
  7. Après une lecture de Dante / Fantasia quasi Sonata ( after reading Dante / Fantasia quasi Sonata )

Venezia e Napoli ( Venice and Naples ) - addition to the second year; published 1861, composed in 1859, in part as a revision of an earlier version of about 1840 of the same name.

  1. Gondoliera ( gondola song) - based on the song La Biondina in Gondoletta by Giovanni Battista Peruchini
  2. Canzone - based on the gondola song Nessun maggior dolore from Rossini's Otello.
  3. Tarantella - with themes by Guillaume-Louis Cottrau, 1797–1847

Troisième année

(translated: The Third Year ) - Published 1883; pieces 1-4 and 7 were composed in 1877. No. 5 1872, No. 6 1867.

  1. Angélus! / Prière aux Anges gardiens ( Angelus! Prayer to the Guardian Angel ) - dedicated to Daniela von Bülow, Liszt's granddaughter, the first daughter of Hans von Bülow and Cosima Liszt and wife of the art historian Henry Thode. The piece was written for harmonium or piano or (according to the manuscript) an instrument that combines both.
  2. Aux cyprès de la Villa d'Este (I) / Thrénodie ( The cypresses of the Villa d'Este (I) / Threnody )
  3. Aux cyprès de la Villa d'Este (II) / Thrénodie ( The cypresses of the Villa d'Este (II) / Threnody ) - The Villa d'Este described in these two threnodes stands in a famous park in Tivoli near Rome for its beautiful cypress trees and fountain.
  4. Les jeux d'eaux à la Villa d'Este ( The water features of the Villa d'Este )
  5. Sunt lacrymae rerum / En mode hongrois / to Hans von Bülow ( tears for things / In a Hungarian way ) - dedicated to Hans von Bülow.
  6. Marche funèbre / En mémoire de Maximilien I / Empereur du Mexique, † 19 June 1867 ( funeral march / In memory of Maximilian I / Emperor of Mexico, † June 19, 1867 ); Motto: "In magnis et voluisse sat est" / "In big things, it is enough to have wanted"
  7. Sursum corda / Lift up your hearts

Recordings

Numerous complete and incomplete recordings of the Années de pèlerinage were made.

year pianist tape Label
1928 Claudio Arrau 1ere année: Suisse
1928 Claudio Arrau 3e année: Italy
1937 Claudio Arrau 2nd année: Italy
1947 Vladimir Horowitz Au bord d'une source - 1ere année RCA
1947 Dinu Lipatti Sonetto 104 del Petrarca - 2nd année EMI CZS 767163 2
???? Béla Bartók Sursum Corda - 3e année
1950s Wilhelm Kempff complete, with Deux Legends Decca
1951 Vladimir Horowitz Sonetto 104 del Petrarca - 2nd année RCA
1969 Claudio Arrau 1ere année: Suisse
1969 Claudio Arrau 2nd année: Italy
1969 Claudio Arrau 3e année: Italy
1973 Jerome Rose Total recording
1975 Vladimir Horowitz Au bord d'une source - 1ere année RCA Victor Red Seal 82876 50754 2
1975 Wilhelm Kempff 2nd année: Italy Deutsche Grammophon
1977 Lazar Berman Total recording Deutsche Grammophon DGG 4372062
1982 Claudio Arrau 2nd année: Italy
1983 Claudio Arrau 3e année: Italy
1984 Claudio Arrau 2nd année: Italy
1986 Zoltán Kocsis 3e année: Italy Philips Classics 462312-2
1986 Alfred Brendel 1ere année: Suisse Philips Classics 462312-2
1986 Alfred Brendel 2nd année: Suisse Philips Classics 462312-2
1986 published May 1997 Tamás Vásáry 2nd année: Italy BBC music Magazine
1989 Claudio Arrau 1ere année: Suisse
1989 Jeffrey Swann Total recording academia
1998 released 2008 Roberto Poli 2nd année: Italy OnClassical
1991 Louis Lortie 2nd année: Italy Chandos
1995, 1996, 1990 Leslie Howard Total recording Hyperion Records
2001 Frederic Chiu Italy, Venezia e Napoli Harmonia Mundi
2001, 2003, 2005 Ksenia Nosikova Total recording Centaur Records, Inc.
2003 Aldo Ciccolini Total recording EMI Classics 5851772
2003 Yoram Ish-Hurwitz 2nd année: Italy Turtle Records
2004 Nicholas Angelich Total recording Mirare
2004 Yoram Ish-Hurwitz 1ere année: Suisse Turtle Records
2004 Yoram Ish-Hurwitz 3e année: Italy Turtle Records
2005 Stephen Hough 1ere année: Suisse Hyperion Records
2006 Seung-Yeun Huh Total recording Ars Musici
2011 Alexander Krichel 2nd année: Italy telos music
2011 Ragna Schirmer Total recording Berlin Classics
2011 Bertrand Chamayou Total recording Naive
2011 Louis Lortie Total recording Chandos
2011 Tomas Dratva 1ere année: Suisse, plus 3e année: Les jeux d'eau à la Villa d'Este OehmsClassics

Video

Alfred Brendel (Deutsche Grammophon) DVD

Web links