Anoura
| Anoura | ||||||||||||
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Geoffroy's Tailless Bat ( Anoura geoffroyi ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Anoura | ||||||||||||
| Gray , 1838 |
Anoura is a bat genus in the subfamily of the flowering bats (Glossophaginae) with species that occur in Central and South America .
features
These bats reach a head-torso length of 50 to 90 mm, a forearm length of 34 to 48 mm and a weight of 7.5 to 23 g. The tail is only 3 to 7 mm long or is completely absent. Depending on the species, the color of the fur on the upper side varies between brown, gray-brown, orange-brown or gray-black. The underside usually has lighter shades. Like other blossom bats, the species have a long snout, a simple nasal sheet , a long tongue with brush-like papillae on the tip, and long, narrow molars. In the long-nosed bat, the length of the tongue is 150% of the length of the body.
Types and distribution
Several species have been newly described within the genus in recent years. By 2016, the World Conservation Union (IUCN) recognized the following 6 species.
- Tailed long-nosed bat ( Anoura caudifer ), is distributed from Colombia and Venezuela to southern Brazil and northern Argentina . It is absent in the central Amazon basin and in Paraguay .
- Handley long-nosed bat ( Anoura cultrata ), inhabits the Andes and other mountains from Costa Rica to Bolivia .
- Long-nosed long-nosed bat ( Anoura fistulata ), is endemic to the Ecuadorian mountains.
- Geoffroy's Tailless Bat ( Anoura geoffroyi ), reaches in northern Mexico , otherwise distributed in the same area as the Tailed Long- Nosed Bat .
- Broad-toothed long-nosed bat ( Anoura latidens ), lives in the mountains and highlands of Guyana , Venezuela, Colombia and Peru .
- Manuel long-nosed bat ( Anoura luismanueli ), occurs in the mountains of Colombia and Venezuela.
Way of life
The species prefer moist mountain forests as habitats . They feed on fruits, nectar , pollen and insects. In Geoffroy's Tailless Bat, animal food is said to predominate. The individuals form smaller colonies with 20 to 75 members. Depending on the species and season, these are mixed or separated by gender. Caves and small crevices serve as resting places.
A litter consists of one or, rarely, two young animals that weigh around 3 to 5 g. The time of birth depends on the distribution of the population. One specimen in captivity lived to be 10 years old.
status
Deforestation and disturbing visitors in the caves represent a potential danger. Most species, however, are not rare and widespread. They are listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. Only the tube-lipped long-nosed bat has insufficient data (data deficient).
Reference literature
- Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. Volume 1. 6th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD et al. 1999, pp. 373-374, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Nowak (1999) pp. 373-374
- ^ Richard Fisher The bat with the incredibly long tongue , New Scientist, December 6, 2006.
- ↑ a b Anoura in the IUCN 2016 Red List of Threatened Species . Accessed October 15, 2016.
Web links
- Wilson & Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 (English, Anoura ).