Antennae

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Antennae
Tiger Spatula (Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum)

Tiger Spatula ( Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum )

Systematics
Overcohort : Clupeocephala
Cohort : Otomorpha
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Otophysa
Order : Catfish (Siluriformes)
Family : Antennae
Scientific name
Pimelodidae
Bonaparte , 1838

The antenna catfish (Pimelodidae) are native to the rivers of Central and South America , from the extreme south of Mexico to the north of Argentina and on islands of the Caribbean . With over 110 species in over 30 genera , they are a very species-rich catfish family.

features

The family is named after three pairs of long thin barbels , of which the upper jaw barbels are the longest and can protrude beyond the caudal fin. Usually they are stretched forward. The head is large and can be severely flattened. In many species it is only covered by a very thin skin, so that the skull bones are clearly visible. The mouth is terminal. The body is scaly, elongated and often very long. The sideline is usually complete, straight or slightly curved. The smallest species Megalonema pauciradiatum is only 3.8 centimeters tall, while Brachyplatystoma filamentosum reaches a length of 3.6 meters. The dorsal fin sits relatively far forward. In most cases, they and the pectoral fins have a fin spine. The caudal fin is usually deeply forked, sometimes with pointed tips, or rounded. The adipose fin is well developed, often very large, and in a few species it is connected to the caudal fin.

Way of life

Antenna catfish populate large rivers, jungle lakes and streams. They are particularly common in the murky white water rivers of the Amazon basin . They are mostly crepuscular and nocturnal. Most species are solitary, but many also live in small groups. Antennae catfish feed on fish, crustaceans and other invertebrates. Large species can also prey on smaller mammals up to the size of a monkey. Some species also eat fruit. Reproduction is largely unknown. Many species make spawning migrations.

External system

The catfish form the superfamily Pimelodoidea with the big mouth catfish (Pseudopimelodidae), the Heptapteridae and the species Conorhynchos conirostris, which is not assigned to any family .

Internal system

There are around 110 species, which are assigned to around 30 genera.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Megalonema pauciradiatum on Fishbase.org (English)
  2. ↑ Brachyplatystoma filamentosum on Fishbase.org (English)
  3. ↑ JP Sullivan, Lundberg JG; Hardman M: A phylogenetic analysis of the major groups of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using rag1 and rag2 nuclear gene sequences . In: Mol Phylogenet Evol. . 41, No. 3, 2006, pp. 636-62. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.05.044 .
  4. ↑ Lundberg, John G., Akama, Alberto (2005): Brachyplatystoma capapretum: a New Species of Goliath Catfish from the Amazon Basin, with a Reclassification of Allied Catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae). Copeia 2005 (3): 492-516. doi : 10.1643 / CI-04-036R1
  5. ↑ Stewart, Donald J. (1986): Revision of Pimelodina and Description of a New Genus and Species from the Peruvian Amazon (Pisces: Pimelodidae) . Copeia 1986 (3): 653-672. doi : 10.2307 / 1444947
  6. ^ Fishbase list of species
  7. ^ FishBase

Web links

Commons : Antennenwelse (Pimelodidae)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files