Apollonian-Dionysian
Apollonian-Dionysian is a bipolar, philosophical pair of terms that describes two opposing character traits of humans and makes use of the properties that are ascribed to the Greek gods Apollon and Dionysus . Apollonian stands for form and order and Dionysian for intoxication and an urge to create that bursts with all forms. The myth of the music competition between Pan and Apollo became an illustration of the pair of opposites in terms of history.
The pair of terms was originally set up in the field of philosophy by Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775–1854) and later expanded and popularized by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900). Nietzsche used the pair of terms for the first time in his work " The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music " , published in 1872 . He also used this pair of terms in numerous works as an important element and thus contributed significantly to the popularization of the terms. However, outside of philosophy, it was used before Schelling, in particular by Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768) in art history, by Friedrich Schlegel (1772–1829) in the history of literature and in the field of mythology and religious studies by Friedrich Creuzer (1771–1858) ), Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker (1784–1868) and Johann Jakob Bachofen (1815–1887).
swell
- Friedrich Creuzer: Symbolism and mythology of the ancient peoples, especially the Greeks . Vol. 3, reprint of the 3rd improved edition Leipzig and Darmstadt 1842.
- Friedrich Schelling: Philosophy of Revelation . Vol. II. Darmstadt 1966.
- Friedrich Nietzsche: Die Dionysische Weltanschauung , in: Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari (Hrsg.): Complete works. Critical study edition , vol. 1. Munich 1980.
- Friedrich Nietzsche: The birth of tragedy from the spirit of music , in: Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari (ed.): Complete works. Critical study edition , vol. 1. Munich 1980
literature
- Karlheinz Barck (Hrsg.), Martin Fontius (Hrsg.), Dieter Schlenstedt (Hrsg.), Burkhart Steinwachs (Hrsg.), Friedrich Wolfschrift (Hrsg.): Basic aesthetic terms: Volume 1: Absence - Representation . Springer, 2016, ISBN 9783476005205 , pp. 246-271
- Henning Ottmann: Nietzsche Handbook: Life - Work - Effect . Springer, 2016, ISBN 9783476006622 , pp. 187–190
- Bernhard-Arnold Kruse: Apollonian-Dionysian: modern melancholy and Unio Mystica . Athenaeum, Frankfurt am Main 1987, ISBN 3-610-08917-2 .
- Martin Vogel: Apollonian and Dionysian: history of an ingenious error. Gustav Bosse, Regensburg, 1966.
Web links
- Florence Kuhlemeier: Apollonian and Dionysian. Origin, application and pairing of artistic instincts in literature . Master thesis , Utrecht 2008.
