Archita

Archita
Arkeden
Erked

Basic data

State :

Romania

Historical region :

Transylvania

Circle :

Mureș

Municipality :

Vânători

Coordinates :

46 ° 11 ' N , 25 ° 5' E Coordinates: 46 ° 10 '55 " N , 25 ° 5' 15" E

Time zone :

EET ( UTC +2)

Height :

467 m

Residents :

792 (2002)

Postal code :

547636

Telephone code :

(+40) 02 65

License plate :

MS

Structure and administration

Community type :

Village

Archita (German Arkeden , Hungarian Erked ) is a village in the Transylvania region in Romania . It is part of the Vânători municipality .

Geographical location

Archita (Erked) in the Josephine land survey from 1769 to 1773.

Archita is located in the Kokeltal (Podișul Târnavelor) in the Transylvanian Basin . On the stream of the same name - a left tributary of the Târnava Mare (Great Kokel) -, the district road (Drum județean) DJ 133 and the Teiuș – Brașov railway line , the village of Archita is located 15 kilometers southeast of the community center and 28 kilometers from the city of Sighișoara (Schäßburg) away.

history

The community was founded by German settlers around 1200 at the earliest . The village founders probably came from the area of the Repser Stuhl . From 1324 to 1876, Arkeden belonged politically to the Schäßburg chair. Through the Andreanum , the "golden" charter of 1224, the area of Arkeden was added to the Sibiu province. The first documentary mention comes from the year 1341. From the 14th and 15th centuries there are a total of ten documented mentions of the municipality of Arkeden. There are different interpretations of the origin of the German place name; on the one hand it could be borrowed from the Hungarian word erek (= passage, vault, arch), on the other hand the place name can also come from the personal name Archo .

Arkeden was a purely German community until around 1700, later Roma and Romanians settled here . In the following time the population increased, so that in 1786 Arkeden counted 916 inhabitants. There were few Hungarian residents in Arkeden. The division of the community was shown by the fact that it consisted of three separate districts, these were the Saxon district (center with church castle ), the Romanian and one where predominantly Roma lived.

population

The population of the village developed as follows:

census		Ethnic composition
year	population	Romanians	Hungary	German	other
1850	1,142	310	3	637	192
1920	1,258	342	133	540	243
1941	1,355	408	59	553	335
1977	934	561	47	281	45
1992	760	467	52	23	218
2002	792	697	39	6th	50

Since 1850 the highest number of inhabitants was registered in the area of the village in 1944. The highest number of Romanians was determined in 2002, that of Romanian Germans in 1850, of Magyars (139) in 1930 and that of Roma (218) in 1992. The number of German-speaking residents continued to decline after the Second World War , so that in 2002 there were only six German residents. Today no Saxons live in Arkeden anymore.

Sightseeing

Arkeden fortified church

In Archita there is a well-preserved fortified church. Originally it was a towerless Romanesque pillar basilica. A bell tower was built in the 14th century; Today there are still seven of the original nine towers. Around 1500 the Romanesque basilica was converted into a Gothic hall church with fortifications. There is a baroque church altar from 1752, which was built by the sculptor and carpenter Georgius Philippi . This altar is one of his most important and famous works. The organ from 1824 by Joseph Samuel Maetz with gold-plated decorations on the prospectus can still be played.

The fortified church is a listed building.

literature

Brigitte Depner, Anselm Roth: Arkeden - Archita - Erked: Mirror images of Transylvanian community life then and now , Hermannstadt a. a .: Schiller-Verlag 2014, 151 pp., numerous. Ill. ISBN 978-3-944529-25-7 .
Georg Binder: Arkeden - a Transylvanian community in Haferland and its inhabitants . 930 A4 pages of text, graphics, tables and 60 images. Self published in 1995
Ders .: Picture album Arkeden - a village in Transylvania. 172 A4 pages and 242 images. Self-published 1997
Ders .: Supplement to the Chronicle of the Arkeder. 153 A4 pages of text, tables and 2 pictures. Self-published in 2004
Arne Franke and Harald Roth: The defensive Sachsenland. Fortified churches in southern Transylvania. German Cultural Forum for Eastern Europe, Potsdam 2007, ISBN 978-3-936168-27-3 .

Web links

Commons : Archita - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Censuses 1850–2002, last updated November 2, 2008 (PDF; 1 MB; Hungarian).
↑ Information on the fortified church in Archita at biserici.org, accessed on March 31, 2019 (Romanian).
↑ List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB).

[1] Censuses 1850–2002, last updated November 2, 2008 (PDF; 1 MB; Hungarian).

[2] Information on the fortified church in Archita at biserici.org, accessed on March 31, 2019 (Romanian).

[3] List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB).