Arctic Red River
| Arctic Red River | ||
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| Data | ||
| location | Northwest Territories ( Canada ) | |
| River system | Mackenzie River | |
| Drain over | Mackenzie River → Arctic Ocean | |
| source | northern Mackenzie Mountains 64 ° 23 ′ 19 ″ N , 131 ° 51 ′ 26 ″ W |
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| muzzle |
Mackenzie River Coordinates: 67 ° 26 '50 " N , 133 ° 44' 54" W 67 ° 26 '50 " N , 133 ° 44' 54" W.
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| length | 499 km | |
| Catchment area | 23,200 km² | |
| Discharge at the gauge near the mouth of the A Eo : 18,600 km² |
MQ 1968/2002 Mq 1968/2002 |
161 m³ / s 8.7 l / (s km²) |
| Drain |
MQ |
150 m³ / s |
| Communities | Tsiigehtchic | |
The Arctic Red River is a left tributary of the Mackenzie River in the Canadian Northwest Territories . It was called Tsiigèhnjik by the natives , which means "iron river".
course
The source of the river is in the northern Mackenzie Mountains . It then flows 120 km through the Backbone Range and Canyon Range . The entire valley in the upper reaches of the river is characterized by glaciers . On the Peel Plateau, the river is surrounded by the Yellow Range and Lichen Range , while it itself flows through a 100 to 200 m deep gorge, which is characterized by black slate cliffs and formed by thermokarst erosion. The tributaries of the Cranswick River and Sainville River (also called Bernard Creek ) flow into the Mackenzie Lowlands. At the mouth of the river in the Mackenzie River, the settlement Tsiigehtchic is on the Dempster Highway .
flora
On the upper reaches of the river in the Mackenzie Mountains above 900 m there are no plants at all or only shrubs, grasses and dwarf birches . Below this height are forests of white spruce , in which individual trees can live up to 600 years.
fauna
The river is an important spawning area for fish such as white fish , pike and burbot . On the banks of the river, sheep adapted to the barren soils of the Mackenzie Mountains graze on the upper reaches of the river and are hunted by grizzly bears , while in the lower reaches mainly moose , wolves , martens , muskrats , beavers , otters , lynxes , wolverines and red foxes can be found. There are two different species of reindeer along the entire river bank .
history
The Gwich'in lived on the banks of the river . In 1789, Alexander Mackenzie came to the river's catchment area . In 1868 the first missionaries of the Catholic Church came to the river. In 1921 a church was built. Both the Hudson's Bay Company and the Northern Trading Company set up trading posts in the late 19th and early 20th centuries .
use
Since there are no portages in the lower reaches of the river , it is used by kayak , canoe and rafters from the beginning of June to the end of September over a length of 200 km . Recreational fishing in the Arctic Red River and its tributaries, camping on the bank, and hunting and trekking on the upper reaches are also possible.
The wood from the surrounding forests is also used as firewood. In addition, there is fishing at the estuary and hunting for moose and waterfowl in the surrounding area .
Web links
- The river on the Canadian Heritage River System side ( January 6, 2011 memento in the Internet Archive )
- The River at Natural Resources Canada: Geographical Names
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The Atlas of Canada - Rivers ( Memento from January 22, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Arctic Red River at the gauge near the mouth - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ The river on the Canadian Heritage River System side ( January 6, 2011 memento in the Internet Archive )