Arfaclori

Arfaclori
	Female arfaclori
Systematics
Class :	Birds (aves)
Order :	Parrots (Psittaciformes)
Family :	True parrots (Psittacidae)
Subfamily :	Loris (Loriinae)
Genre :	Mountain Lorikeet
Type :	Arfaclori
Scientific name of the genus
	Oreopsittacus
	Salvadori , 1877
Scientific name of the species
	Oreopsittacus arfaki
	( AB Meyer , 1874)

The arfaclori ( Oreopsittacus arfaki ), also called mountain lory , is a species from the subfamily of the Loris in the family of the real parrots . The species is endemic to New Guinea.

features

The species reaches a body length of 15 to 17 or 18 centimeters. It is mostly green in color. In the males, the head has a red cap-shaped drawing that extends in front to the base of the beak. The beak is pure black, the irises of the eyes black-brown. The cheeks are plum-colored, shimmering blue with two rows of small white stripes. The wing covers are feathered green on top, with partly black outer and bluish inner flags. On the underside of the wing, the arm wings and cover feathers are colored red, the outer ones partly also yellow. The flight feathers are blackish with a yellow band. The breast and the underside of the trunk are green, with a blurred red border in the middle (with the exception of the subspecies grandis , which are pure green). The tail is green on the top proximally (close to the body), black on the outside, with pinkish-red tips. The underside of the tail is colored red, with a little black on the outside. The legs are colored gray.

The female is very similar to the male. In contrast to this, the head is also green on the upper side, so the red cap-like markings are missing (there are rarely individual red feathers interspersed).

distribution and habitat

The species occurs in the mountains of the island of New Guinea , it lives in both halves of the island ( Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea ). The species lives in three subspecies in three spatially separated mountain regions (see chapter Subspecies) mostly at altitudes between 2500 and 3750 meters, but occasionally also lower, up to 1700, very rarely up to 1000 meters. It is considered relatively common here. It inhabits montane and subalpine forests and is considered a characteristic element of the cloud forest level.

Way of life

The arfaclori moves through the treetops in small groups with conspecifics or other bird species such as honey-eaters or mistletoe- eaters in search of nectar, plant pollen , fruit juices, flowers or fruits.

Reproduction

During courtship, the male calls out to females from a branch. It struts up and down with a nodding head and stretches towards the female. The brood is created in tree hollows.

Hazards and protective measures

Since the species is still relatively common and no threats are known, it is classified by the IUCN as Least Concern .

Subspecies

There are three known subspecies:

Oreopsittacus arfaki arfaki ( Meyer, AB , 1874) occurs in the Vogelkops Mountains of northwestern New Guinea.
Oreopsittacus arfaki major Ogilvie-Grant , 1914 is widespread in the snow mountains of western New Guinea (around the Baliem Valley ).
Oreopsittacus arfaki grandis Ogilvie-Grant , 1895 occurs in the central and eastern mountains of New Guinea, east to the Huon Peninsula and the Victor Emanuel Range .

Oreopsittacus arfaki intermedius Reichenow , 1915 is considered a synonym for O. a. grandis .

Taxonomy and systematics

The species was first described by Meyer in 1874 as Trichoglossus arfaki . The type locality is the Arfak Mountains in the northeast of the island of New Guinea. In 1877 it was transferred to the newly established genus Oreopsittacus by Salvadori . It is the only species of the genus monotypical with it . The genus Oreopsittacus is taxonomically relatively isolated within the Loris. Within the tribe Loriini it forms the sister group of all other species taken together. The species is morphologically unique within the Loris in that it has 14 instead of 12 tail feathers.

literature

Adolf Bernhard Meyer: About three new parrots discovered in New Guinea . In: Negotiations of the Imperial-Royal Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna . tape 24 , 1874, pp. 37-40 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
William Robert Ogilvie-Grant: Mr. WR Ogilvie-Grant exhibited specimens of two apparently undescribed birds from the Owen Stanley Museum in SE New Guinea . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 5 , no. 31 , 1895, p. XV ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
William Robert Ogilvie-Grant: WR Ogilvie-Grant sent descriptions of three new subspecies of Parrots . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 35 , no. 200 , 1915, pp. 11-13 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
Anton Reichenow: New species . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 63 , no. 1 , 1915, p. 124-129 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Arfaklori - collection of images, videos and audio files

Oreopsittacus arfaki inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.2. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved November 1, 2017.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Mike Parr, Tony Juniper: Parrots: A Guide to Parrots of the World. Helm Identification Guides, Bloomsbury Publishing, London a. a., 2003, ISBN 978-0-7136-6933-6 .
↑ Bruce M. Beehler, Thane K. Pratt: Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics. Princeton University Press, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4008-8071-3 . on pages 244–245.
^ IOC World Bird List Parrots & cockatoos
^ Adolf Bernhard Meyer, p. 37.
^ William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1915), p. 11.
^ William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1895), p. XV.
^ Joseph M. Forshaw: Parrots of the World. Princeton University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-1-4008-3620-8 , at page 70.
^ Anton Reichenow, p. 124.
↑ Leo Joseph, Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright, Richard Schodde: A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes). Zootaxa 3205, 2012, pp. 26-40.
↑ Manuel Schweizer, Timothy F. Wright, Joshua V. Peñalba, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Leo Joseph (2015): Molecular phylogenetics suggests a New Guinean origin and frequent episodes of founder-event speciation in the nectarivorous lories and lorikeets (Aves: Psittaciformes ). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 90: 34-48. doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2015.04.021

[Parr-1] Mike Parr, Tony Juniper: Parrots: A Guide to Parrots of the World. Helm Identification Guides, Bloomsbury Publishing, London a. a., 2003, ISBN 978-0-7136-6933-6 .

[2] Bruce M. Beehler, Thane K. Pratt: Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics. Princeton University Press, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4008-8071-3 . on pages 244–245.

[3] IOC World Bird List Parrots & cockatoos

[meyer37-4] Adolf Bernhard Meyer, p. 37.

[og11-5] William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1915), p. 11.

[ogxv-6] William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1895), p. XV.

[7] Joseph M. Forshaw: Parrots of the World. Princeton University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-1-4008-3620-8 , at page 70.

[reichenow124-8] Anton Reichenow, p. 124.

[9] Leo Joseph, Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright, Richard Schodde: A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes). Zootaxa 3205, 2012, pp. 26-40.

[10] Manuel Schweizer, Timothy F. Wright, Joshua V. Peñalba, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Leo Joseph (2015): Molecular phylogenetics suggests a New Guinean origin and frequent episodes of founder-event speciation in the nectarivorous lories and lorikeets (Aves: Psittaciformes ). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 90: 34-48. doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2015.04.021