Aridisol
As aridisol be designated according to the USDA Soil Taxonomy calcareous deserts - soils from tropical and temperate zones that form in regions dry climate.
The aridisoles include:
- Desert soils
- Semi-desert soils
- Solontschake (white alkali soils)
- Solo networks (black alkaline soils )
- Raw floors
They are found particularly in western South America along the Andes chain , in the western USA inland of the Rocky Mountains , in southwest Africa and the northern coastal regions of this continent, in the Middle East including Arabia and the Horn of Africa , in Iran , Afghanistan and large parts of Central Asia up to in the People's Republic of China and in Australia .
The slightly alkaline to neutral soils usually do not have a well-developed soil profile, but show a weak horizon formation. Water contained at greater depths is drawn to the surface by capillary action together with the salts dissolved in it, where it evaporates; as a result, a thin layer of salt often remains . In addition, gypsum , clay or lime components are often found . In contrast to vertisoles , which are found in regions with pronounced dry and rainy seasons, aridisoles do not form deep crevices.
Although aridisols can become very fertile soils through irrigation, on which wheat can be grown, for example, due to the very low moisture content, only very few plants that are adapted to drought grow. As a result, these soils contain very little organic material and are also extremely vulnerable to erosion due to the low vegetation - eroded aridisols become undeveloped soils, the entisols .
Around the world, around 15.7 million square kilometers or 12 percent of the ice-free land area is covered by aridisoles.
classification
There are a total of 7 subordinates:
Web links
literature
- Soil Survey Staff: Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service. US Department of Agriculture Handbook 436.Washington DC, USA, 1999.
- Soil Survey Staff: Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 12th edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service. US Department of Agriculture. Washington DC, USA, 2014.
