Poor Garo

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Karekin Pasdermadschian

Karekin Pasdermadschian ( Armenian Գարեգին Փաստրմաճեան Garegin Pastermatschian , Turkish Karekin Pastırmacıyan , born February 9, 1872 in Karin in Vilâyet Erzerum ; † March 23, 1923 in Geneva ), better known by his battle name Armen Garo (or Armen Karo ), was an Ottoman politician , Armenian diplomat and freedom fighter.

He was one of the leaders of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF or Dashnak) and the first ambassador of an independent Armenia to the United States .

Life

Pasdermadschian was born on February 9, 1872 in Karin (in Vilâyet Erzerum). He was the son of Harutjun Pasdermadschian and grandson of Khachatur Efendi. In 1891 he graduated from the Sanasarian College of Erzerum (Sanasarian Varjaran Academy) as one of the best . Later, in 1894 he went to France to attend the College of Agriculture of the University of Nancy agricultural science to study. While a series of massacres of Armenians took place in his homeland from 1864 to 1896 , he joined the progressive-nationalist Armenian Revolutionary Federation.

After his return to the Ottoman Empire, he took part in the occupation of the Ottoman Bank in 1896 . The occupiers demanded autonomy for the six predominantly Armenian provinces of the Ottoman Empire and threatened to blow up the bank and 150 hostages. The European leaders in the bank negotiated a bloodless end to the hostage situation and the perpetrators were able to escape abroad thanks to French mediation. Pasdermadjian went to Switzerland and did a PhD in chemistry. In 1898 he was elected to the western presidium of the ARF, whose governing bodies were divided into a western and an eastern wing.

During the Armenian-Tatar War ("Tatars" were then used to refer to today's Azerbaijanis ) from 1905 to 1907, Pasdermadschian successfully organized the defense of the Armenians in Tbilisi. In 1907 he was elected to the Eastern Presidium of the ARF.

Pasdermadschian then operated a high-yield copper mine in the Caucasus . After the Young Turkish Revolution in 1908, the Armenians in Erzurum and the ARF Pasdermadschian telegraphed him to run for the upcoming election for the Ottoman parliament . In 1908 he became one of the ARF members of parliament, which he remained until 1912. He was a member of the joint committee of the ARF and the Young Turkish Committee for Unity and Progress , and in 1913 he was again a member of the western presidium of his party.

After the outbreak of the First World War , he joined the Armenian volunteer associations who fought on the side of the Imperial Russian Army on the Caucasus Front against the Ottoman Empire. Armenian friends had advised against it because they feared that the Ottoman government would take this as an indication of all Armenians collaborating with the enemy and would react with reprisals. When the Ottoman government initiated the genocide of the Armenians , Armen Karo took part in the Van uprising . During this time he became depressed and sick. After the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Armenia in 1918, he first became a member of the Armenian delegation in France, then his country's ambassador to the USA. He died of heart disease in Swiss Geneva on 23 March 1923, when he participated in a conference on Russia.

The Armen Karo Student Association , founded in 2005, is named after Pasdermajian , the youth organization of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation in Canada .

plant

  • Why Armenia should be free. Armenia's role in the present was. Hairenik Publishing, Boston, 1918. Reprinted by Kessinger Publishing, 2010, ISBN 978-1-165-75486-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Transcription from Western Armenian
  2. ↑ Transcription from the Eastern Armenian
  3. ^ Society for Armenian Studies: Title ??? . In: Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies . 17, 2008, p. 227.
  4. ^ Peter Balakian : The Burning Tigris. The Armenian Genocide and America's Response. HarperCollins, 2003, p. 103 ff.
  5. ↑ Donald Bloxham: The Great Game of Genocide. Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians. Oxford University Press, 2005.
  6. ↑ a b c d e Dikran Mesrob Kaligian: Armenian Organization and Ideology under Ottoman Rule, 1908–1914. Transaction Publishers, 2011, pp. 38, 243.
  7. ^ Tadeusz Swietochowski. Russian Azerbaijan, 1905-1920. The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community . Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1985. p. 41
  8. ↑ Jacques Derogy: Resistance and Revenge: The Armenian Assassination of the Turkish Leaders Responsible for the 1915 massacres and deportation . S. x ( here in Google book search).
  9. ↑ Guenter Lewy : The Armenian Case. The politicization of history. What happened, how it happened, and why it happened. Edition divan. Klagenfurt / Celovec 2009, p. 126.
  10. ^ Time Saturday, April 7, 1923
personal data
SURNAME Garo, poor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pastermatschian, Garegin (real name, Eastern Armenian); Pasdermadschian, Karekin (Western Armenian); Pastırmacıyan, Karekin (Turkish); Pasdermadjian, Garegin; Armen Garo (battle name); Poor diamonds; Գարեգին Փաստրմաճեան (Armenian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ottoman-Armenian diplomat, politician and freedom fighter
DATE OF BIRTH February 9, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Erzurum , Vilâyet Erzerum , Ottoman Empire
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1923
Place of death Geneva , Switzerland