Arthur Goldschmidt

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arthur Felix Goldschmidt (born April 30, 1873 in Berlin ; † February 9, 1947 in Reinbek ) was a German lawyer.

Life

Arthur Felix Goldschmidt grew up as the son of Alfred Oscar Goldschmidt and his wife Pauline Lassar in an assimilated Jewish family and was baptized Protestant in 1889. His grandmother was the writer and philanthropist Johanna Goldschmidt . After studying law and completing his doctorate , Goldschmidt became a judge in the Hamburg civil service and was promoted to the higher regional judge in Hamburg . During the Weimar Republic , Goldschmidt twice refused an appeal to the Imperial Court in Leipzig , the family wanted to stay in Reinbek. There he also sat as a representative of the national liberal German People's Party on the local council.

After the transfer of power to the National Socialists in 1933, Goldschmidt was dismissed due to the law to restore the civil service . In the following years he worked as a painter, until then painting had been his hobby.

The prosecution policy of the Nazis estimated Goldschmidt soon realistic. He sent his two sons Jürgen-Arthur and Erich abroad in 1938, the sons never saw their parents again. The older daughter Ilse-Maria lived with her husband, the philosopher Ludwig Landgrebe , first in Prague , then until 1940 in Belgium and from there returned to Reinbek with her family after the German occupation in 1940. Goldschmidt saw himself deeply rooted in the Protestant faith.

The Schleswig-Holstein regional bishop Adalbert Paulsen supported the persecution of the Jewish minority together with the regional church office president Christian Kinder ; on February 10, 1942, the exclusion of "non-Aryan" Christians from the Protestant Church for the regional church was decreed. This was done with knowledge of and in response to the deportations of German Jews, which began in autumn 1941 and which also affected Protestant Christians of Jewish origin.

In June 194 his wife Toni Katharina-Maria Jeanette, called Kitty, née Horschitz, (1882-1942) died; the Reinbek pastor Hermann Hartung (1904-1990), who liked to present himself in his naval uniform, refused to give Kitty "the last blessing to a sister in faith." A month later Arthur Goldschmidt was deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto . There he founded a prayer group for Hamburg deportees in the summer of 1942, which gradually became a Protestant congregation in the Theresienstadt concentration camp. Despite high mortality and constant transports to Auschwitz , the community grew to a core of around 800 registered members. The services were attended by several hundred people on public holidays.

After the war and the liberation Goldschmidt returned to Reinbek. In 1945 he became community representative and deputy mayor of Reinbek for the CDU and one of the co-founders of the Volkshochschule Sachsenwald , at whose opening speech he died.

Works

Co-prisoner Philipp Manes portrayed by Goldschmidt , about two months before his murder (Theresienstadt 1944)
  • History of the Protestant congregation Theresienstadt 1942–1945. (= Christian Germany 1933 to 1945. H. 7). Furche-Verlag, Tübingen 1948.
  • 'History of the Protestant Congregation Theresienstadt 1942–1945. (= Christian Germany 1933 to 1945. H. 7). Furche-Verlag, Tübingen 1948, contained as an appendix in: Detlev Landgrebe: Kückallee 37 - A Childhood on the Edge of the Holocaust , ed. by Thomas Hübner, cmz Verlag, Rheinbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-87062-104-9 , pp. 375-426.
  • Numerous drawings received, which he made in Reinbek and Theresienstadt, and which are now in the Center d'Histoire de la Résistance ee de la Déporation in Lyon (legacy Georges-Arthur Goldschmidt).

literature

  • Church, Christians, Jews in Northern Elbe 1933–1945. The exhibition in the Landtag 2005. President of the Schleswig-Holstein Landtag, Kiel 2006 ( series of publications by the Schleswig-Holstein Landtag 7, ZDB -ID 2151694-7 ).
  • Detlev Landgrebe, Arthur Goldschmidt: Kückallee 37 - A childhood on the verge of the Holocaust. History of the Protestant Congregation Theresienstadt 1942-1945. Published by Thomas Huebner, cmz Verlag, Rheinbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-87062-104-9 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.geschichte-sh.de/christen-und-juden-1933-1945/
  2. ↑ Detlev Landgrebe: Kückallee 37. A childhood on the edge of the Holocaust, ed. by Thomas Hübner, Rheinbach 2009, ISBN 9783870621049 , p. 138 /
  3. ↑ http://media.offenes-archiv.de/Rathausausstellung_2013_Wehrmachtjustiz_23.pdf
  4. ^ Arthur Goldschmidt: History of the Protestant Congregation Theresienstadt 1942–1945 , new ed. by Thomas Hübner, contained in: Detlev Landgrebe, Kückallee 37, Rheinbach, CMZ-Verl 2009, ISBN 978-3-87062-104-9
  5. ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt: Honor for a great Reinbeker
  6. ↑ https://www.bergedorfer-zeitung.de/archiv/reinbek/article112618080/65-Jahre-die-VHS-blickt-zurueck.html
personal data
SURNAME Goldschmidt, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German judge
DATE OF BIRTH April 30, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH February 9, 1947
Place of death Reinbek