Arthur Guttmann (chemist)

Arthur Guttmann (born April 14, 1881 in Breslau , † December 3, 1948 in London ) was a German chemist and specialist in the field of blast furnace slag .

Life

After graduating from high school, Guttmann studied chemistry at the universities of Munich and Breslau and received his doctorate in 1908. He then worked as an assistant at Hermann Passow's chemical and technical research institute in Blankenese , which was then still in Prussia , later the laboratory of the Association of German Blast Furnace Cement Works. V. Hamburg. In 1912, after the administrative and spatial merging of the Hamburg blast furnace cement works with the Verein Deutscher Eisenportlandzementwerke e. V. in Düsseldorf was appointed founder and head of the Düsseldorf examination institute, which later became the research institute. It was during this time that most of his widely acclaimed publications were made, and he made significant contributions by researching the recycling of blast furnace slag to make iron Portland cement , which could then be approved for reinforced concrete construction from 1916. Finally, in 1930 Guttmann switched to the Faculty of Materials Management at RWTH Aachen University , where he was given a civil service contract as a lecturer.

In the spring of 1933, however, denunciation measures by the student body began at RWTH Aachen University . The ASTA ( General Student Committee ) and the student leaders sent the denunciation committee specially appointed for this purpose, consisting of Hermann Bonin , Hubert Hoff , Felix Rötscher , Adolf Wallichs and Robert Hans Wentzel, about which of the lecturers and professors were not of Aryan descent and were supposed or actually had an undesirable political attitude. According to the law for the restoration of the civil service due to his Jewish origin, Guttmann was supposed to be together with the other non-Aryan professors Otto Blumenthal , Walter Maximilian Fuchs , Ludwig Hopf , Theodore von Kármán , Paul Ernst Levy , Karl Walter Mautner , Alfred Meusel , Leopold Karl Pick , Rudolf Ruer , Hermann Salmang and Ludwig Strauss had their teaching license withdrawn from September 1933. A request from his incumbent rector Paul Röntgen to the Reich Commissioner in the Ministry of Education Bernhard Rust to be allowed to hold Guttmann for the further implementation of his research assignment, since he does not belong to the Jewish religious community, was not approved. Guttmann was dismissed and a new application for employment under Rector Otto Gruber in 1934 was unsuccessful. Finally he emigrated to London in 1938 with his wife and daughter, where he was informed in 1941 that he had been officially expatriated and his property had been confiscated due to alleged foreign exchange offenses in Germany. Guttmann died in exile in London on December 3, 1948, before he could realize his plan to return to his old place of work.

Works (selection)

• The use of blast furnace slag in construction ; Düsseldorf: Stahleisen, 1919
• Schol's process for the production of lightweight bricks from blast furnace slag ; Düsseldorf, Association of German Ironworkers, 1919
• Slag ballast test according to the German and Dutch guidelines ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1925
• Production of standard samples by pressing ; Charlottenburg, cement publisher, 1926
• About the grain fineness of the cements, especially the iron Portland cements ; Charlottenburg: Zementverlag, 1926
• Blast furnace slag in road construction, with special consideration of the tar road ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1926
• Cinder blocks and cinder blocks in Germany ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1927
• Long-term concrete tests with various aggregates, especially blast furnace slag ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1929
• Usability and properties of slag wool ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1929
• About the cause of the "iron disintegration" of the blast furnace slag ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1931
• Extraction and properties of blast furnace foamed slag ; Düsseldorf, Verlag Stahleisen, 1934
• About the compressive strength, impact resistance and wear resistance of concrete ; Berlin-Charlottenburg, Zementverlag, 1936
• The coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete made from different cements ; Berlin-Charlottenburg, Zementverlag, 1937
• Mineral wool ; Berlin, Bookstore of the Tonindustrie, 1938

Web links

• Literature by and about Arthur Guttmann in the catalog of the German National Library
• Memories of the expelled professors