Arthur Nicolaier

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Arthur Nicolaier (born February 4, 1862 in Cosel / Upper Silesia , † August 28, 1942 in Berlin ) was a German internist .

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Stolperstein , Grainauer Strasse 2, Berlin-Wilmersdorf

Arthur Nicolaier, who comes from an Upper Silesian Jewish family, studied medicine in Heidelberg, Berlin and Göttingen and received his doctorate in Göttingen in 1885 with the thesis "Contributions to the aetiology of tetanus". From 1885 he worked at the Göttingen University Clinic as an assistant to Wilhelm Ebstein (medical clinic), from 1897 as a senior physician until he followed a call to Berlin in 1900. In 1921 he was appointed associate professor for internal medicine there. He worked at the Charité. Because of his origin, Nicolaier - who had left Judaism in 1921 - was on September 14, 1933 in accordance with Section 3 of the Professional Civil Service Act revoked the license to teach. Unlike many of his persecuted colleagues, Nicolaier did not emigrate and ran a doctor's practice at Prager Strasse 2 (today Grainauer Strasse 2). When he was announced that he would be deported to the Theresienstadt retirement ghetto after being evicted from his Berlin apartment in 1941 , he committed suicide in Berlin on August 28, 1942.

Scientific achievements

Nicolaier discovered the bacterium Clostridium tetani in 1884 during his time in Göttingen, as assistant to the hygienist Carl Flügge (1847–1923) . The Gram-positive , obligate anaerobic , spore-forming bacterium movable and is causative agent of tetanus (Tetanus). In 1894 he introduced hexamethylenetetramine under the name Urotropin into chemotherapy , primarily for the treatment of bacterial urinary tract infections.

Commemoration

On April 24, 2014 , a stumbling block was laid in front of his former home, Grainauer Strasse 2 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf .

literature

  • Cäcilie Bley: Arthur Nicolaier 1862-1942. A picture of his work. Diss. Göttingen 1946.
  • Juan Alberto Galán Torres: Arthur Nicolaier (1862-1942). Descubridor del bacilo del tétanos. Dykinson, Madrid 2009, ISBN 978-84-9849-463-1
  • Volkmar Felsch: Arthur Nicolaier (Uncle Arthur). In: Volkmar Felsch: Otto Blumenthal's diaries. A math professor from Aachen suffers the Nazi dictatorship in Germany, the Netherlands and Theresienstadt. Edited by Erhard Roy Wiehn, Hartung-Gorre Verlag, Konstanz 2011, ISBN 978-3-86628-384-8 , pp. 504-510.
  • M. Frink, CW Muller, S. Ziesing, C. Krettek: Tetanus prophylaxis in the emergency room. Trauma surgeon. 2006 Nov; 109 (11): 977-83 PMID 17021900
  • Tim Ohnhäuser: The doctor and university professor Arthur Nicolaier (1862–1942) - An approach to the suicides of doctors persecuted as "non-Aryan" during National Socialism. In: Richard Kühl, Tim Ohnhäuser and Gereon Schäfer (eds.): Persecutors and persecuted. Images of medical action under National Socialism. (= Medicine and National Socialism, 2). Münster 2010, pp. 15–38.
  • Werner Köhler : Nicolaier, Arthur. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1047 f.

Web links

Commons : Arthur Nicolaier  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ WU Eckart, Christoph Gradmann (ed.): Doctors' Lexicon. From antiquity to the present. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, p. 240 f.
  2. ↑ Helmut Scherer: To Göttingen at Rühlender's table. Lecture on the occasion of the opening of the exhibition “Münchhausen - From Hunters' Latin to World Best Seller” on Sunday, September 20, 1998 in the Paulinerkirche, Göttingen. Text ( Memento from November 6, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Dr. Wilhelm Foerst (ed.): Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie. Urban & Schwarzberg, Munich / Berlin 1954, 3rd edition, vol. 5, p. 229.
personal data
SURNAME Nicolaier, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German internist
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Cosel , Kingdom of Prussia
DATE OF DEATH August 28, 1942
Place of death Berlin